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Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs
NSAIDS- nursing pharm
38
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 2
03/03/2011

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Cards

Term
why is acetominophen no longer part of the NSAIDs?
Definition
it has no anti-inflammatory properties
Term
the ______ phase of the inflammatory response is characterized by increased capillary permeability
Definition
transient phase
Term
the _______phase of the inflammatory response is characterized by infiltration of leukocytes and phagocytice cells
Definition
subacute phase
Term
what is the chronic proliferative phase of the inflammatory response characterized by?
Definition
tissue degeneration and fibrosis
Term
a defense reaction caused by tissue damage or injury
Definition
inflammation
Term
what is inflammation characterized by?
Definition
heat, redness, swelling, pain, and loss of function
Term
What are the major enzymes inhibited by NSAIDs?
Definition
cyclooxygenases
Term
the most relevant mediators of inflammation are ___________.
Definition
arachidonic acid metabolites
Term
name some mediators of inflammation:
Definition
vasoactive amines, platelet activating factor, complement system, kinin system, cytokines, nitric oxide, adhesion molecules, arachidonic acid metabolites
Term
Which cox enzyme is always present?
Definition
COX1
Term
which cox enzyme is induced by a stimulus?
Definition
COX 2
Term
What are some physiological regulations of COX-1
Definition
GI, protection, platelet function, regulation of blood flow, kidney function
Term
what is the inflammatory response by newly expressed COX-2
Definition
inflammation, pain, fever
Term
how do prostaglandins cause inflammation?
Definition
vasodilation and opening of the endothelial cells that allow inflammatory cells to move from the blood stream to the site of injury.
Term
blocking prostaglandin production may cause
Definition
increased acid production and decreased mucous production
Term
NSAIDs lack the unwanted side effects of the________
Definition
opioids
Term
how do NSAIDs reduce fever?
Definition
by blocking the production of prostaglandins.
Term
an emerging use for NSAIDs is the in the prevention of _________ and __________
Definition
colon cancer and cardiovascular disease
Term
salicylates, propionic acid derviatives, enolic acids, arylacetic acid derivatives, selective COX-2 inhibitors
Definition
types of NSAIDs
Term
most widely used and prescribbed analgesic-antipyretic-anti-inflammatory drug
Definition
Aspirin- (Salicylate)- acetylsalicylic acid
Term
_______ are highly bound to the plasma protein albumin. Thus, they will have interactions with other medications leading to higher free drug levels
Definition
salicylates
Term
mild intoxication as a result of repeated high doses intake of aspirin
Definition
salicylim
Term
The main side effect of salicylates is
Definition
gastric irritation because of decreased mucous and increased aspirin
Term
is the induction of asthma attack with asprin an immune response?
Definition
No, treat this with an antihistamine
Term
in children, this is characterized by the acute onset of encephalopathy, liver dysfunction, and fatty infiltration of the liver and other viscera
Definition
Reye's syndrome
Term
irreversibly modifies both Cox-1 and Cox-2 by acetylating serine-530 in the active site.
Definition
Mechanism of action of aspirin
Term
Aspirin is metabolized by_________
Definition
glucuronidation
Term
an enzymatic reaction that can be saturated
Definition
glucuronidation
Term
Ibpofen is a ___________
Definition
propionic acid derivative
Term
arylacetic acid derivative prescribed for rheumatoid arthritis and other types of arthriis. toxicity limits its use
Definition
indomethacin
Term
this arylacetic acid derivative is used as in IM injection in the ER because its effects are very close to that of the opiods
Definition
ketorolac
Term
this enolic acid can be better toleratend than aspirin or indomethacin and its advantage is its long half life
Definition
piroxicam
Term
most NSAIDs can increase the anticoagulant effect of ______
Definition
warfarin
Term
potentially all NSAIDs can blunt the actions of these diuretics
Definition
thiazides
Term
Specific COX-2 inhibitors
Definition
celecoxib
refecoxib
valdecoxib
Term
this drug is a well tolerated analgesic and an antipyretic it lacks many of the side-effects of aspirin and other NSAIDs
Definition
acetaminophen
Term
what can happen in an overdose of acetopminophen?
Definition
hepatic and renal necrosis- failure of both organs- death
Term
what do you administer in an acetominophen overdose?
Definition
n-acetyl-cysteine
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