Term
| What is the most common cause of bacterial meningitis in neonates, and adults and the top five most common? |
|
Definition
Neonates: Agalactiae
Adults: Streptococcocus pneumoniae
Top 5: Strep pneumo, Group B Strep, Neisseria Meningitis, H. Flu, Listeria Monocytogenes |
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|
Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of Meningitis |
|
Definition
| fever, confusion, lethargy, headache, nausea, vomiting |
|
|
Term
| How is bacterial meningitis diagnosed and treated |
|
Definition
Dx: Clinical, Abnormal CSF(High WBC, low glucose, high protein, bacteria)
Treatment: Vancomycin and Ceftaxime/Ceftriaxone with high dose steroids |
|
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Term
| Morphology and key characteristics of group B strep |
|
Definition
Gr(+) cocci in chains or pairs
Polysacchiride capsule with sialic acid
(group A uses hyluronic acid) |
|
|
Term
| What are the common Group B strep serotypes for early and late onset(term infants) meningitis |
|
Definition
Early: I, II, III
Late: III |
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|
Term
| What are then risk factors for early onset GBS meningitis |
|
Definition
Mother colonization
Premature delivery
Premature membrane rupture |
|
|
Term
| Clinical manifestations of GBS |
|
Definition
Respiratory infections
Meningitis
Gynecological Opportunistic infections
Puerperal Fever-Postpartum Uterine infection |
|
|
Term
| What antibiotic is used prophylactically in maternal carriers of GBS, what mother's do not need prophylaxis? |
|
Definition
Penicillin
Contra: Previous pregnancy with (+)culture,
Cesarean Section, or
Negative Culture |
|
|
Term
| How is Group B Strep indentified |
|
Definition
Culture, swab, CSF
Hippurate Hydrolysis
CAMP test
DNA probe |
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|
Term
| What is the most common serotype of Meningococci causing meningitis and which serotype is there no vacine for |
|
Definition
| Type B for most common and no vaccine |
|
|
Term
| What is the reservoir for Meningococci |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Are there asymptomatic carriers for meningococci and what people show more severe forms of disease |
|
Definition
Yes there are assymptomatic carriers
Complement Deficiency and asplenia pateints fare worse |
|
|
Term
| What are the virulence factors for Meningococci |
|
Definition
Polysacchiride capsule
Endotoxin/LOS
IgA Protease
Pili, Adhesins
Transferrin, Lactoferrin binding proteins |
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|
Term
| What are the clinical manifestations of meningococci |
|
Definition
Meningitis
Bacteremia
Pneumonia
Petechial hemorrhages
DIC/Vascular collapse
Freidrichson-Waterhouse |
|
|
Term
| How is meningiococci identified |
|
Definition
Culture blood/CSF
Gram stain
Oxidase, Catalase(+)
Ferments Glucose and Maltose |
|
|
Term
| What type of vacine is the meningococcal vaccine |
|
Definition
| currently used is a conjugated polysaccharide |
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