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Neuro Intro
N/A
42
Medical
Professional
11/20/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the #1 neurologic disease?
Definition
chronic pain
Term
What is the #2 neurologic disease?
Definition
hearing loss
Term
What is the #3 neurologic disease?
Definition
depression disorders
Term
What are older patients worried about?
Definition
Alzheimer's
stroke
Term
What are younger patients worried about?
Definition
multiple sclerosis
brain tumor
Term
What major things do you need to think about when coming up with a neurological diagnosis?
Definition
-timing and duration of symptoms
-can one disease account for all symptoms
-is history suggestive of a single focus (tumor/stroke) or multiple sites (MS)
Term
What do symptoms of acute onset suggest?
Definition
vascular cause or seizure
Term
What do symptoms that wax and wane with exacerbations and remissions suggest?
Definition
demyelinating cause
Term
What do symptoms that are subacute in onset suggest?
Definition
mass lesion (tumor, abscess)
Term
What do symptoms that are chronic and progressive suggest?
Definition
degenerative disorder
Term
What specific condition do you think of it symptoms are hyperacute?
Definition
stroke
Term
What specific condition do you think of if symptoms are subactue?
Definition
Guillain-Barre
Term
What specific condition do you think of if symptoms are chronic over months to years?
Definition
Alzheimer's
Term
What specific condition to do you think of if symptoms are characterized by attacks with recovery in between?
Definition
multiple sclerosis
Term
What are the components of mental status?
Definition
physical appearance and behavior
cognitive abilities
emotional stability
speech and language
Term
What are the levels of consciousness?
Definition
awake and oriented
confusion
lethargy
delirium
stupor
coma
Term
What is the Glascow Coma Scale?
Definition
-quantitative test of consciousness
-looks at eye, verbal, and motor responses
-max score of 15, min of 3
-versions available for adults, children, and infants
Term
What is the point breakdown for the eye portion of the Glascow Coma Scale for adults?
Definition
4-open
3-to voice
2-to pain
1-no response
Term
What is the point breakdown for the verbal portion of the Glascow Coma Scale for adults?
Definition
5-oriented and alert
4-disoriented
3-nonsensical speech
2-moans, unintelligible
1-no reponse
Term
What is the point breakdown for the motor portion of the Glascow Coma Scale for adults?
Definition
6-follows commands
5-localizes pain
4-withdraws to pain
3-decorticate flexion
2-decerebrate extension
1-no response
Term
Where is the damage if someone has hemiplegia?
Definition
corticospinal tract above brainstem
Term
Hemiplegia is caused by unilateral/bilateral brain damage?
Definition
unilateral
Term
What type of paralysis occurs with hemiplegia?
Definition
flaccid early on, then spastic
no spontaneous movement
Term
Where is the damage if a patient has decorticate posturing?
Definition
corticospinal tract
Term
What characterizes the paralysis associated with decorticate posturing?
Definition
-abnormal flexor responses
-arms tight to sides with flexion of the elbows, wrists, and fingers
-extended legs, plantar flexion of the feet
Term
Where is the damage if a patient has decerebrate posturing?
Definition
brainstem
Term
What characterizes the paralysis associated with decerebrate posturing?
Definition
-abnormal extensor response
-arms extended and pronated with flexed wrists
-legs extended with plantar flexion of feet
-jaws clenched
-may have back rigidly arched
Term
What characterizes delirium?
Definition
sudden onset of acute confusional state with disordered perceptions

"sundowning"
Term
What is dementia?
Definition
clinical syndrome of failing memory, decreased intelligence, and behavioral abnormalities
Term
What are the components of assessing cognitive abilities?
Definition
response to questions
calculation
writing ability
execution of motor skills
memory (immediate, recent, remote)
attention span
judgement
Term
What are the components of the emotional stability assessment?
Definition
mood and feelings
thought process and content
perceptual distortions and hallucinations
suicidal/homicidal ideations
Term
What are the components of speech and language skills?
Definition
voice quality
articulation
comprehension
coherence
Term
What are the 3 types of aphasia?
Definition
Broca's
Wernicke's
global
Term
What is Broca's aphasia?
Definition
-understands words, but cannot express self
-reading intact; writing impaired
Term
What is Wernicke's aphasia?
Definition
-hears, but doesn't understand
-fluent speech, but nonsensical
-reading and writing impaired
Term
What is global aphasia?
Definition
-may understand only their own name
-cannot speak to only a few words or sounds
-reading and writing ability severely impaired
Term
How do you test for aphasia?
Definition
word comprehension
repetition
naming
reading comprehension
writing
Term
What is the max score on a mini mental status exam?
Definition
30
Term
What test should you consider if a patient has a higher order thinking disorder?
Definition
clock drawing
Term
What 6 item screening test may detect mild dementia earlier?
Definition
cognitive impairment test
Term
On a cognitive impairment test, the _______ the score, the better.
Definition
lower
Term
Name the cranial nerves.
Definition
olfactory
optic
oculomotor
trochlear
trigeminal
abducens
facial
vestibulocochlear (acoustic)
glossopharyngeal
vagus
accessory
hypoglossal
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