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Networking Terminology
Simmons College GSLIS LIS 488 Spring 2010
23
Computer Networking
Graduate
03/28/2010

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Cards

Term
MAC Address
Definition

Media Access Control= essential for reliable communication between computers on a router. Function at the data link layer (layer 2). Assigned to network adapters and NIC (network interface cards) by the manufacturer. AKA EHA (Ethernet Hardware Address).

Term
IP Address
Definition

Internet Protocol= number label identifying devices in a network that uses Internet Protocol to communicate between nodes.

Term
IP Address FUNCTIONS
Definition

* two functions:

  1. network or host identification
  2. location addressing
Term
IP Address PURPOSE
Definition

IP addresses direct data packet routing between source and destination nodes.

Term
DIFFERENCE between MAC and IP
Definition

MAC address are permanent. IP addresses are dynamic and static -- they can change.

Term
Bandwidth
Definition

rate at which data is transmitted in computer networks, measured in bits per second (bps).

Term
Types of Bandwidth
Definition
  1. Narrowband- speeds less than 200 Kbps. Dial-up is generally 56 Kbps.
  2. Broadband- connection that is always on e.g.cable or DSL. Minimum of 200 Kbps.
Term
Cable Modem
Definition

Is used for connecting to the Internet and is much faster than a typical dial-up modem. Support data transfer rates of up to 30 Mbps.

A device capable of demodulating incoming coaxial signals into Ethernet signals as well as modulating outbound Ethernet signals into coaxial signals.

Term
Encryption
Definition
Process that encodes and secures data.
Term
Analog
Definition

Signals that vary continuously; the opposite of digital.

Term
Digital
Definition

Technologies and devices based on numbers; in current use, based on signals that exist in one or two possible values; the opposite of analog.

Term
DSL
Definition

Digital Subscriber Line is used to provide data transmission over local telephone service lines

Term
Ethernet
Definition

Multiple connection, usually in one building, that allows different devices to connect to each other. It is the most common type of connection computers use in a local area network (LAN).

Term
Firewall
Definition

Hardware or software that attempts to keep malicious information out and private information in a network.

Term
Peer to Peer (P2P)
Definition

A way to link computers over the network without using a server. Sacrifices speed and security

Term
Server Based LAN
Definition

LAN = local area network. Connects computers and related devices within a limited geographical area.

Term
VPN
Definition

Virtual Private Network= private network that uses the Internet to connect remote sites and users together.

Term
VPDN
Definition

Virtual Private Dial-up Network= uses a dial-up connection to connect users to the network from various remote locations.

Term
Intranet-based VPN
Definition

used when a corporation has one or more locations and they want to connect to a LAN (local area network).

Term
Extranet based VPN
Definition

used when a corporation wants to connect with a vendor or customer with whom they have a close relationship. Connect LAN to LAN.

Term
Wireless Security
Definition

Wireless networks transmit data over radio waves making it easy for others to intercept data or "eavesdrop".

To secure a wireless network you need:

  1. firewall
  2. Encryption (either WEP or WPA password)
Term
Authentication
Definition
A method by which to confirm the identity of a user.
Term
3 kinds of Authentication
Definition
  1.  username and password
  2. ID card or badge.
  3. Physical characteristics - fingerprints or retina scans.
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