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Nervouse Sysytem
Chapter 12 Nerves
66
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
06/28/2014

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Term
CNS AND PNS
Definition

CNS=Centeral Nervouse Sysytem

S:Brain and Spinal Cord

F:Intagrative Control Center

PNS=Periphialle Nervouse System 

S:Cranial and Spinal Nerves
F:Comuncation lines between the CNS and rest of Body

Term

Resting Potential 

Definition
Ions are equall at Neuron membrane (even in and out)<
Term
Action Potential
Definition
electrical event at ONE end of the Nurons membrane (travels along axon to towards synapse)
Term
Synapsis
Definition
Specail Junction in wich a neuron communicates with a Target cell Chemical or electrial impuls passes over NMJ
Term
PreSynaptic Membrane
Definition
Membrane of cell that releases Neurotransmitters
Term
Postsynaptic Membrane
Definition
Membrane that reciveres the signial from Precleft recving transmitions
Term
Synaptic Cleft
Definition
The Cleft seperating Pre and Post
Term
Proccess of action occuring through System
Definition

1. Input

2. Chances of sensory receptors into Electrical Receptions and sent to CNS 

3.Intergration occurers 

4.Based on this a plan of action is made

5. Motor Output action is carreid out 

Term
Type of Neuron Synapses
Definition

Skeletal

Musculer 

Viserial Organs

Term
Types of Nurons
Definition

MultiPolar Neuron: Many Dendrites one axon

BiPolar Neuron: One Dendrite&Axon Attached to one Cell Body

Unipolar:One Process from cell body (the Axon)Branches to contact recpetors in Brain and SpinalCord

Term
Association Nueron
Definition
This Nuron is multipolar and connects other nurons togathere like Sensort to Motor
Term
Sensorry Neuron
Definition
is Unipolar connects PNS to CNS
Term
Neuroglia or Glia Cells
Definition
Associated with Neurons, provide support and protection
Term
Astrocytes
Definition
GLia Cells of the CNS regulate Chemicals in and around the Neuron
Term
MicroGLia
Definition
Glia of the CNS moniter and assienting in the overall health fo a neuron
Term
Olgidendricites
Definition
Glia cells of cns wrap around Neuron fibers (mylin sheeth)
Term
Sattilite cells
Definition
Cells of the PNS very unkown regulate enviorment around Neuron
Term
Schwann Cells
Definition
Glia cells surrounding nerve fibers forming myelin sheeth Surround PNS Axon Shields axon
Term
What Are Neurons
Definition

Specialized cells that carrie and conduct messages through electrical impulse throughout the body 

Function:Lifetime operation, atomic, High Metabolic rate consume o2 and glucose

Term
Nuron Cell Body
Definition

Neurofibrils

Pigment

Lipofusion

Term
Nucli & Ganglia
Definition

Nucli:Clusters of cell bodys in the cns

Ganglia: CLusters of cell bodys in the PNS 

Term
Neuron Procces two types
Definition

Procces in the CNS are called tracts

Procceses i teh PNS are called Nerves

Term
Dendrites
Definition

SHort Branching procees

Most Have Organnels found in cell body

Recive input Graded impuluse (dr.p Lights on off) 

Term
The Axon
Definition
Same strucutr as cell body msgs must go through here
Term
Epinerium
Definition
Thick connective tissue nerve is sourround each individual nerve
Term
Fasicales
Definition
Bundles of nerve fibers
Term
Nerve Fibers
Definition
Group of axos enshiethied in the folds of a sheath cell, Sheath cells are schwan cells in PNS and oligandentires in CNS
Term
What dose Pernierium sorround
Definition
Bundles of axons
Term
Endonerium
Definition
Recticuler CT surrounds each Axon
Term
Small Vs Large axon
Definition

Small: usally sheethed by one fold not mylniaited 

Largea  syhthed by multiple complex sheeths with plasmammbrane are mylinated 

Term
Mylein Seeth
Definition
Insultates axon sppeds up msg
Term
unmylainted vs mylainted fibers
Definition

Mylinated: White matter

Unmylinated:gray matter 

Term
Mylain Sheeth and Nueroliema
Definition

Shwan cells wrap Axon in PNS 

Nueroliema out conists of cytoplsam and shwan nuules mylain sheeth is inside 

Term
Shwan cell
Definition
Type of Glia Cell wraps around mylinated and nonmylinated axons keepign them alive
Term
Mylinated Axons
Definition
Are Schwan Cells are from the mylain sheeth this fatty seeth is not countinouses and is much like a rivier
Term
NOn mylynating
Definition
Curical for surviviial mantain axons
Term
Neurotransmition
Definition

Neurotramsion=the communcation between to neuons

Understand NMJ and how the jump changes singnials Electrical and chemical transmissons

Term
repolorizing and Depolorizing
Definition

Repoloaring is the resing stage

Depolorizing is traducing the singla or reducing 

Term

Order of spinal cord

 

Definition

Bot-Top 
1. Spinal Cord-Sensory Organs

2.BrainStem Regions 

3.Cerbral Cortex

 

Term
Spinal cord
Definition

8 Cervical

12t horaci

5 lumbar

5 Scarcal

1 cocyal

Term
Sensory Nuerons
Definition
Tranmist messages involved in the special senses
Term
MotorNeuron
Definition
impulses transmist to move muscle more generalized
Term
Spinal Cord
Definition

Sourrounded by three mannigeis 

Dura matter 

archnamatter

pia matter

31 pairs of spinal Nerve

Term
Matters of Spinal Cord
Definition
there is a inner core of Gray matter and a outer of White gray horns resemble a H nerved cells here
Term
Gray matter strucuture
Definition

Dosral half Senory roots and ganglia 

Venrtil=Motor roots

fuse to form nerves

4 regions

1. Somatic Sensory

2. Somatic Motor

3.Viseral senroy 

4.Viseral motor

Term
Reflex arc
Definition

Is for reactions (burning hand) causes a reaction from the motor before brain notices 

1.Sensory receptor

2. afferaent nueron

3.Internuron

4.Efferent Neuron

5. Effector Orggen

Term
Autonomic Nervouse system
Definition

How interal organs are controlled CNS & PNS 

Sympathetic acting 

parasymathetic Recouping 

Term
Syapthetic
Definition
Flight or fight repsonse increase in BP adranaline influx
Term
Parasymapthetic
Definition
Brings the body back to homeostasis
Term
Brain Term
Definition

fissure: Deep grove ssubdivides cerebral hemisphere 

gyri Folds on cortex that incrases surfac area 

Sulci: shallow depression near hyri and in cerbreal cortex

Term
The Cortex
Definition
Thining and vouluntary momvemnts outter most layer
Term
brain Stem
Definition
Sepperates spinal cord and rest of brain Sleep and and breathing
Term
Cerrebellum
Definition
back of brain used for balance (alchole)
Term
Hindbrain
Definition
Well protected at the "center" cerrebellum formen and brain stem here
Term
Midbrain
Definition
Sanwiched between fore and hind brain all senseory and motor info acts as a relay
Term
Forebrain
Definition
Fathreset out CNS
Term
Cerrebellum
Definition
mini brain almost motor memories and corination punjukie cells
Term
Ventriescal
Definition

CSf is contained within a system of fluid filled cavites called ventricales attched via spinal cord.

Two lat ventricles in cerebrum 

third ventricle below lat ventircale The Fourht is between erebellum and the pons

Term
The Thalamus
Definition
forebrain subdivides to form telencephaslon and diencephalon telencephalon givees us cerebrum diencephalon gives hypothalmaus
Term
Pituitray Gland
Definition
Main endocrine Gland in body
Term
MId Brain
Definition
Small Part of brain above ponsaids with sensory info part of brain stem involved in sleep
Term
Imporantan lobs
Definition

Frontal: Motor function and Judgment

Parital handwrinting sensation

temporal hearing memory

occipital vision

Term
Meninges
Definition

Protective membran souroind the brain

Dura mater Outer layer of touch fibrou CT 

Arachnoid membrane attaches in the middle attaches ti pia mater 

pia mater thin line follows countouers of brain 

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