Shared Flashcard Set

Details

NCMA Bk1-5
Book 1, Chapter 5
34
Business
Professional
06/24/2008

Additional Business Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

 

 

Organizational Change

Definition

 

 

Adoption of a new idea or hehavoir by an organization to

 

To facilitate change: Intiation and Implimentation

Term

 

 

 

Learning Organization

Definition

 

 

 

An organization that has continuous organizational learning and change

Term

 

 

 

Incremental Change

Definition

 

 

Organizational efforts to gradually improve basic operational work processes in different parts of the company.

Term

 

 

Transformational Change

Definition

 

 

 

Reseisgn of the entire organization

Term

 

 

 

Change sequence

Definition

 

 

1. internal and external forces for change exsist

2. Organizational managers monitor forces and realize the need for change

3. Percieved need triggers the intiation of change

4. Change is implimented

Term

 

 

 

Force of Change : Environmental

Definition

 

 

Environmental sectors, customers, competitors, technology, economic forces, international arena

Term

 

 

 

Force for Change: Internal

Definition

 

 

 

Change arises from internal activities and decisions.

 

Ex. To meet rapid internal growth --> new departments must be made

Term

 

 

Performance gap

Definition

 

 

Disparity between exsisting and desired performance levels.

Term

 

 

 

Search

Definition

 

 

 

Process of learning about current developments inside or outside the organization that can be used to meet a perceived need for change

Term

 

 

 

Creativity

Definition

 

 

Generation of novel ideas that may meet preceived need or respond to opportunities for the organization.

Term

 

 

Idea Champion

Definition

 

 

 

Person who see th neeed for champions productive change within the organization,

believes in the idea

  • visualize the benifits
  • confronts organizational realities of cost benefits
  • overcomes obstacles
Term

 

 

Inventor

Definition

 

 

 

Develops/understands technical aspects of the idea

 

Doesnt know how to develop for it

Term

 

 

 

Sponsor

Definition

 

 

 

High level manager who removes organizational barriers

 

Approves and protects the idea within the organization

Term

 

 

 

New venture team

Definition

 

 

Unit seperate from the mainstream of the organization that is responsible for developing and intiating innovations.

Term

 

 

Skunkworks

Definition

 

 

 

Seperate small, informal, highly autonomous (can be secretive) group that focuses on breakthrough ideas for the business.

Term

 

 

 

New venture fund

Definition

 

 

 

Provides resources from which individuals and groups can draw to develop new ideas, products or businesses

Term

 

 

 

Idea incubator

Definition

 

 

 

Run entirely in house but provides a safe habor where ideas from employees throughout the organization can be devleoped w/o the interference from company bureaucracy or politics.

Term

 

 

 

Resistance to change

Definition
  • Self interest - employees resist because they believe it will take something away
  • lack of trust/understanding- emplyees dont understand the intended purpose of change or distruct the intentions behind it
  • Uncertainity - Lack of information about future events
  • differnt assessments and goals - legit disagreements over the benifits.
Term

 

 

 

Force Field Analysis

Definition

 

 

Grew from Kirt Lewin's work process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change

 

Driving Resisting

---> <----

---> <----

Term

 

 

 

Tactics for Overcoming Change:

 

Communication/Education

Definition

 

  • Change is technical
  • Users need accurate information and analysis to understand change
Term

 

 

Implimentation tactics:

 

Participation

Definition
  • users need to feel involved
  • Design requires information from others
  • users have power to resist
Term

 

 

Implimentation Tactic:

 

Negotiation

Definition

 

 

Group has power over implimentation

 

Group will loose out in the change

Term

 

 

 

Implimentation Tactic:

 

Coercion

Definition

 

 

  • Crisis exsits
  • Intiators clearly have power
  • Implementation technically have failed
Term

 

 

 

Implimentation Tactic:

 

Top Management Support

Definition

 

  • Change involves multiple departments or reallocating of resources
  • Users doubt legitimacy of change
Term

 

 

Technology Change

Definition

 

 

A change that pertains to the organizations's production process should be: bottom up

 

Example: US Postal Service --> using automatic mail sorting machines.

Term

 

 

 

Product change

Definition

 

 

 

  • Change in the organizations product or service output
  • They have major implications for an organization because they often are an outcome of a new strategy and may define market
Term

 

 

Horozontal linkage Model

Definition

 

 

 

An approach to prouduct change that emphasizes shared development of innovations among several departments.

 

Research, manufacturing, marketing together develop new products.

Term

 

 

 

Time based competition

Definition

 

 

Strategy of competiton based on the ability to deliver products and services faster than competitors.

 

Example: Moen makes new kitchen/bath faucets from drawing board to store in 16 months, for todays fashion conscious customers

They moved from 3rd to tie for 1st in the market

Term

 

 

 

 

Structural change

Definition

 

 

Any change in the way in which the organization is designed and managed

 

Ex. Decentralizing IT staff

Term

 

 

 

Culture/People Change

Definition

 

 

 

A change in employees' values, norms, attitudes, beliefs and bahavior

 

People change - Just a few employees, some middle managers sent to leadersip training

 

Culture change the organization as a whole

Term

 

 

Organizational Development

Definition

 

 

 

Application of behavioral science techniques to improve an organizational health and effectiveness through its ability to cope with environmental changes, improve internal relationships, and increase learning and problem solving capabilities.

Term

 

 

 

OD can help with...

Definition
  • Mergers and acquistions
  • Organizational decline/revitilization
  • Conflict management
Term

 

 

Organizational Development activities include:

Definition
  • team building
  • survey feedback
  • large group interventions
Term

 

 

Unfreezing - Changing - Refreezing

Definition
  • Unfreezing - People are made aware of problems and the need for change
  • Changing- Occurs when indivduals experiment with new behavior and learn skills
  • Refreezing - Indivduals acquire a desired skill/attitudes and are rewarded for it
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