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NCLEX-Pulmonary
NCLEX- Pulmonary
18
Nursing
Undergraduate 4
03/24/2012

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Cards

Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
S/S= sharp pain, dyspnea, tracheal shift (in tension)
Tx= O2, High Fowler's, chest tube
Term
Pleural Effusion
Definition
S/S= fluid in pleural space (pus, blood, exudate)
Tx= Drain (thoracentesis)
Term
Chest Tube Problems
Definition
1. Kink= no fluctuation in H2O seal on inspir.
2. Insufficient Suction= no bubbling in suction center
3. Air leak= continuous bubbling in waterseal
Term
Pneumonia
Definition
S/S= fever, chills, dull percussion, low O2 sat, tachypnea
Tx= O2, ABX, chest physiotherapy, high Fowler's, ambulation
Term
Asthma
Definition
S/S= airway hyperactivity, mucous plugs
Tx= Albuterol, PFT's, Meds: Steroids, Albuterol, Atrovent, Aminophylline gtt, Epi (in Status)
Term
COPD-Emphysema- S/S
Definition
S/S= Sputum/cough, chronic hypoxemia
Term
COPD- Emphysema- S/S
Definition
S/S= increased work of breathing, prolonged expiration, barrel chest
Term
COPD- Tx
Definition
Tx=
Long-Acting Bronchodilators
Anticholinergics (Atrovent)
Methylxanthines (thophylline)
Corticosteroids
Mucolytics
Hydration/vaccinations
Diet high in protein
O2 w/caution
Term
TB (Tuberculosis)
Definition
S/S= cough, fatigue, weight loss, night sweats*
Tx= Isolation- neg. pressure room; particulate respirator, Meds: INH, Rifampin, Streptomycin
Term
Pulmonary Embolism
Definition
S/S= dyspnea, anxiety, cough, chest pain, hemoptysis, tachypnea
Test= CT w/angiography (watch for dye allergy*)
Tx= O2, EKG, D-Dimer, elevate HOB*, Surgery (embolectomy), Meds: Heparin/LMWH, Coumadin, thrombolytics
Term
Lung Cancer
Definition
Early S/S= cough/hoarseness
Late S/S= chest pain, weight loss, hemoptysis, dyspnea
Tx= pneumonectomy, radiation/chemo (vincristine, vinblastine, ciplatin, mitomycin); good lung down**
Term
ARDS (Acute Resp. Distress Syndrome) Risks
Definition
Risks= sepsis, shock, OD, post lung trx, cardiopulmonary bypass, long bone fx's, aspiration,
Term
ARDS
Definition
S/S= atelectasis, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema
Tx=Mechanical ventilation**, prone position, LMWH, careful fluid replacement, tx infection, inhaled Nitric Oxide/Surfactant therapy, **watch urine output**
Term
"Minimal Leak Technique" for Endotracheal Tubes
Definition
Inflate cuff, listen to pt neck w/stetho, should hear tiny bit of air on exhalation
Term
How do you suction a tracheostomy?
Definition
-Give pt 100% O2 before
-Don't suction for more than 10 sec's
-Allow rest for 3-5 breaths between suctioning
Term
What do you do if a trach comes out?
What type of procedure is suctioning a tracheostomy?
How often do we do trach care?
Definition
-Hyper-extend pt's neck
-Sterile
-Qshift
Term
What is the difference between hypoxia and hypoxemia?
Definition
Hypoxia= O2 not met in tissue
Hypoxemia= O2 not met in blood
Term
Respiratory compensation through ___?___
Metabolic compensation through __?__
Definition
Respiratory --> CO2
Metabolic --> Renal HCO3
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