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NCLEX Drugs
Drugs, Side Effects, and Nursing Considerations
14
Pharmacology
Undergraduate 4
06/18/2009

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Norepinephrine (Levophed)
Definition
Vasoconstrictor; treatment for shock,arrest

-SE: Headache, palpitations, nervousness, epigastric distress

-May cause reflex bradycardia
-Monitor blood pressure, urinary output
Term
Dopamine (Intropin)
Definition
Vasoconstrictor; treatment for shock,arrest

SE: Headache, palpitations, nervousness, epigastric distress

-Headache is early sign of toxicity
-Monitor blood pressure, urinary output
Term
Epinephrine (Adrenalin)
Definition
Adrenalin; treatment for shock, arrest

-SE: Nervousness, restlessness, dizziness

-Aspirate before giving SC or IM. IV can be harmful.
-1:100 strength for inhalation
-1:1000 strength for injection
-Monitor BP
Term
Pseudophedrine (Sudafed)
Definition
Decongestant; treatment of cold, anaphylaxis

SE: Dry mouth, anxiety, nervousness, palpitations, difficulty urinating

-Do not take at bedtime
-Do not combine with MAOI's
Term
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
Definition
Anti-histamine; Treatment for allergic reaction, anaphylaxis

-SE: Drowsiness, confusion, insomnia, headache, vertigo, photosensitivity
Term
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)
and
Diazepam (Valium)
Definition
Benzodiazepine anxiolytics

-SE: Lethargy, hangover, thrombophlebitis

-CNS depressants
-Long duration of action (elderly at increased risk for toxicity)
-Smoking increases drug clearance
-Alcohol exacerbates CNS depression
Term
Drug Class: Anxiolytics
Definition
Affect neurotransmitters

-SE: Sedation, depression, confusion, anger, hostility, headache, dry mouth, bradycardia, elevated liver enzymes, urinary retention

-DO NOT discontinue abruptly
-Monitor liver function
-Monitor blood levels
-Avoid alcohol
-Caution re: tasks requiring alertness

-Also used as muscle relaxants, sedative, hypnotics, anti-convulsants.
Term
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Clonazepam (Klonopin)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Oxazepam (Serax)
Definition
Benzodiazepine anxiolytics

-SE: Drowseiness, lightheadedness, hypotension, hepatic dysfunction; increased salivation

-CNS depressants
-Short onset and duration of action (thus safer in the elderly)
-Avoid alcohol
-Monitor renal, hepatic function
-Addictive potential
Term
Buspirone (BuSpar)
Definition
Nonbezodiazepine anxiolytic

-SE: Lighheadedness, confusion, hypotension, palpitations

-Little sedation
-3 week onset of action
-Useful for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
-No abuse potential
Term
Magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia)
Definition
Antacid

-SE: In excess, N/V/D

-Store at room temperature with tight lid. (prevent CO2 absorption)
-Potential for dependency with prolonged use
Term
Aluminum Hydroxide+Magnesium Hydroxide (Maalox)
Definition
Antacid

-SE: Slight laxative effect

-Encourage fluids
Term
Drug Class: Antacids
Definition
-Encourage fluids

-Interfere with tetracycline, quinolone, phenothiazide, isoniazid, iron absorption
-May reduce effectiveness of aspirin and oral contraceptives
Term
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Definition
Anti-arrhythmic; treatment for PVC's

-SE: Hypotension, tremors, visual disturbances, tinnitus, confusion, drowsiness, dizziness

-Give O2, put on cardiac monitor, keep CPR equipment nearby
-Check BUN, creatinine
Term
Procainamide (Procan SR, Pronestyl)
Definition
Anti-arrythmic; treatnebt for PAC, PVC

-SE: Hypotension, bradycardia, fever, rash, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, neutropenia

-Monitor potassium, CBC
-Teach patient to check pulse
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