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MUSK ex1
Futerman-imaging MSK
26
Medical
Graduate
10/16/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Imaging technique of Musculoskeleltal system

 

Definition
  1. Plain film (x-ray): need atleast 2 view, orthogonal (90 degree) to each other.
  2. CAT scan: construct 3D imaging.
  3. MRI: TE(time to echo), TR (time to repetition), T1(time to gain magnetism-water is black, fat is bright), T2( time to lose magnetism, water is white, fat is black)
Term
Classification of fractures
Definition
  1. complete
  2. Incomplete: torus, greenstick, bowing (usually happen in peds)
  3. Avulsion: due to distractive forces at site of muscle, tendon and ligament attachment to bone.
  4. Stress: due to repetitive bone trauma
  5. Insufficency: weakened but normal bone with minimal trauma.
  6. Pathological:fracture of diseased bone
Term
Language of Fracture
Definition
  1. oblique
  2. transverse
  3. spiral
  4. simple fragmentation: 2 pieces
  5. comminuted fragmentation: >3 pieces
  6. Closed fragment: no bone exposure to the environ
  7. Opened fragment: bone exposed to the environ
  8. Location of fracture: Intra-articular (into joint), Extra-articular (out of joint)
  9. Displacement and angulation: refer to distal fragment with respect to proximal fragment. non displaced often called "hair-line" fracture.
Term
[image]
Definition
Torus incomplete fracture: also called Buckle. compressed bones.
Term
[image]
Definition
GreenStick incomplete fracture
Term
[image]
Definition
Bowing incomplete fracture
Term
[image]
Definition
Comminuted and segmental / multiple fracture
Term
[image]
Definition
Stress fracture
Term
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Definition

Salter-Harris classification: important for treatment and preducting outcome

  • Normal: epiphysis (E), epiphyseal plate (EP), metaphysis (M)
  • 1: fracture through cartilage (EP). may or maynot displace (hairline)
  • 2: facture through EP and a piece of M.
  • 3: fracture through EP and broke Epiphysis joint.
  • 4: fracture through E joint, crossed EP, and broke a piece of M. Bone may repair on one side--> curvature.
  • 5: EP is compressed by E and M.
Term
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Definition
Salter-Harris I: fracture through epiphyseal plate
Term
[image]
Definition
Salter-Harris II: fracture through portion of epiphyseal plate with metaphyseal extension
Term
[image]
Definition
Salter-Harris III: fracture through a portion of epiphyseal plate into epiphysis
Term
[image]
Definition
Salter-Harris IV: fracture through metaphysis, crossing the epiphyseal plate and fracturing epiphysis. (can form asymetrical growth--> curvature)
Term
[image]
Definition
Salter-Harris V: Crush injury to the epiphyseal plate.
Term
[image]
Definition
Sclerotic rim: well circumscribed geographic pattern of a benign bone lesion. Scelerotic rim signifies a 95% benignancy meaning that bone has given sufficient time to react. 
Term
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Definition
Cortical expansive: well-demarcated zone of bone destruction. lack sclerotic rim. show expansile growth in portion of bone. This may be seen in locally aggressive tumr that is low grade malignancies lesions.
Term
[image]
Definition
Moth-eaten pattern/permeative pattern: ill defined zone of multiple small radiolucencies that may coalesce. Hard to see on plain film. it is indicative of medullary and cortical zone destruction. High grade malignant neoplasm--> ostomyelitis.
Term
[image]
Definition
Another picture of  moth-eaten/permeative, (last one)
Term
[image]
Definition
I lied, here is one more "Moth-eaten"/ permeative pattern aggressive bone lesion
Term
[image]
Definition

Periosteal reactions to lession growth

 

Term
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Definition
SOLID: (buttress)- slow growing tumors provoke focal cortical thickening
Term
[image]
Definition
LAMELLATED :onion pattern
Term
[image]
Definition
Codman's triangle: seen in maliganant bone tumor form by periosteum pushes outward by newly lamellated bone.
Term
[image]
Definition
Spiculated "hair on end" sunburst pattern response to rapid growing lesion
Term
[image]
Definition
avultion fraction of the right thumb
Term
[image]
Definition
adult with large expensile lesion of distal portion of the radius. Cortex is not broken through. This is a local benign aggressive tumor.
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