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Music
Classical, Baroque, Romantic and 20th Century Periods
107
Music
Undergraduate 2
07/01/2009

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Cards

Term
A song for solo voice and piano based on a poem is called:
Definition
An art song
Term
How did Copland make 20th century compotional devices more palatable to modern audiences?
Definition
He combined them with the familiar elements of jazz, hymns and folk tunes.
Term
Which of the following were emphasized in Claude Debussy's music?
Definition

a.  Tone color

b.  rhythm

c.  melody

d.  form

e.  All of the above

Term
In romantic compositions, there were many references to nautre.  What were these references symbols for?
Definition
Human emotions and events
Term
Romantic compositions were commonly based on all of the following subject matter Except:
Definition

a.  Bible stories

b.  the supernatural

c.  the mystery of death

d.  unrequited love

e.  nature

Term
What is a trio?
Definition
the middle section of a minuet
Term
Which type of artists are known for expressing negative emotions such as fear, anxiety, pain, anger, isolation and tension in their works?
Definition
Expressionists
Term
Who is widely regarded as the leading American composer of the 20th century?
Definition
Aaron Copland
Term
What musical device does Stravinsky use to give his music a driving force?
Definition
Ostinato
Term
Who wrote the poem for The Erlking?
Definition
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Term
All of the following principles were strongly championed during the Classical period except:
Definition

a.  divine right

b.  social justice

c.  equality

d.  freedom of speech

e.  liberty

Term
What is it called when composers try to depict faraway places through music?
Definition
Exoticism
Term
What musical piece caused a riot during the first performance?
Definition
The Rite of Spring
Term
What ballet is based on a story about puppets who come to life?
Definition
Petroushka
Term
Despite his interest in music, Stravinsky's parents insisted that he study what subject in college?
Definition
Law
Term
During the classical period, which group of instruments was most often given the important musical material in a symphony?
Definition
the strings
Term
What dance movements were later incorporated into the symphony as the third movement?
Definition
the minuet
Term
Who popularized the minuet?
Definition
King Louis XIV
Term
Which of the following is true?
Definition

a.  Debussy chose chords primarily for their function rather than their sound.

b.  Debussy chose chords primarily for their sound rather than their function.

Term
What is a percussive orchestra?
Definition
A technique whereby the composer requires normally melodic insturments to play with strong, irregular accents and jabbing sounds.
Term
Which musical piece is about a pagan ritual in which a young girl dances herself to death as a sacrifice?
Definition
The Rite of Spring
Term
Who was a leading composer of art songs?
Definition
Franz Schubert
Term
During which part of a sonata form are the two main themes introduced?
Definition
exposition
Term
The minuet is:
Definition
A dance in triple meter performed at a moderate tempo.
Term
A dissonant chord in which two triads are combined together is called a:
Definition
polychord
Term
What musical piece is based on a story about the joys and anxieties of pioneer life?
Definition
Appalachian Spring
Term
What was Stravinsky's father's occupation?
Definition
opera singer
Term
In the art song how important was the piano part?
Definition
equal in importance to the vocal part
Term
During which section of a sonata form will there be many modulations?
Definition
the development
Term
What tempo best describes the movements of a symphony?
Definition
fast, slow, minuet or scherzo, fast
Term
What best describes the rhythm in Debussy's music?
Definition
vague and unmetered with no strong sense of pulse
Term
Composers of the 20th century used all of the following tecniques to avoid "tyranny of the barline" EXCEPT:
Definition

a.  using an irregular pattern of rhythm after a regular one has been established

b.  use of silences on downbeats

c.  displacing the downbeath with syncopation

d.  maintaining a regular beat in one part and a conflicting beat in another

e.  accents on the downbeats

Term
Which type of artists used harsh, ugly sounds and distorted images to make their point?
Definition
Expressionists
Term
What is the story of The Erkling about?
Definition
a man whose child dies
Term
A modified version of a theme is called a(n):
Definition
variation
Term
According to Germany mythology, what is The Erkling?
Definition
King of the elves and the representative of death
Term
In the twelve-tone system of composition:
Definition
all of the pitches are of equal importance
Term
Who was the great Russian impresario who hired Stravinsky to orchestrate a piece of music for the Russian ballet?
Definition
Sergei Diaghilev
Term
Which Stravinsky work is about an evil, green-taloned Kasckai who turns any man who enters his garden into stone?
Definition
The Firebird
Term
Where does the closing section occur in a sonata form?
Definition
At the end of the exposition.
Term
The term "form" refers to:
Definition
The general principles which govern the structural design of a composition.
Term
During the recapitulation:
Definition
there are no modulations.
Term
Who was a leading composer of impressionist music?
Definition
Claude Debussy
Term
Appalachian Spring was written for what dancer?
Definition
Martha Graham
Term
Which art movements looked to non-Western cultures for inspiration?
Definition
Primitivism
Term
Which of the following does Stravinsky use to avoid tyranny of the barline?
Definition

a.  irregular accents

b.  syncopation

c.  frequent changes of meter

d.  all of the above

Term
What word means "tail" in Italian and is the final finale section at the end of a sonata form?
Definition
coda
Term
In a minuet and trio, which is usually repeated?
Definition
the minuet
Term
During what section of a sonata form is harmonic stability restored and a gradual return to the home key is made?
Definition
the retransition
Term
What was the name of Stravinsky's first full ballet score?
Definition
The Firebird
Term
How long did it take to prepare The Rite of Spring for performance?
Definition
2 years
Term
A vocal technique in which the pitches of the notes are only approximately notated but the rhythm is precisely notated is called:
Definition
Sprechstimme
Term
During which section do the themes in a sonata form undergo a transformation?
Definition
the development
Term
Which two sections of a sonata form are almost identical?
Definition
the exposition and the recapitulation
Term
The letters A-B-A identify a composition in:
Definition
ternary form
Term
The connecting passage that leads from the first theme to the second theme in a sonata form is called a:
Definition
transition
Term
Vocalists used all the following techniques to differentiate between characters in an art song EXCEPT:
Definition

a.  voice inflection

b.  volume

c.  voice range

d.  masks and other props

Term
Why did Copland change his style in the late 1930's?
Definition
He wanted his music to appeal to a wider audience.
Term
Which of the following were de-emphasized in Debussy's music?
Definition

a.  rhythm

b.  melody

c.  form

d.  functional harmony

e.  all of the above

Term
Which composer was a leader of the expressionist movement?
Definition
Arnold Schoenberg
Term
All of the following are characterstics of Romantic art EXCEPT:
Definition

a.  dramatic

b.  focus on balance, proportion and symmetry

c.  may be ugly, ghastly or grotesque

d.  not timeless or universal

e.  focus on emotion rather than structure or processes

Term
All of the following are Classical ideals EXCEPT:
Definition

a.  simplicity

b.  balance

c.  extreme expression of emotion

d.  order

e.  clarity of design

Term
Which type of artist's promoted the "aesthetic of the ugly?"
Definition
Expressionists
Term
Which of the following describes Debussy's melodies?
Definition

a.  short melodic fragments

b.  long, meandering lines with no sense of direction

c.  symmetrical melodies with a clear sense of direction

d.  all of the above

e.  A and B

Term
What is an example of Primitivism?
Definition
The Rite of Spring
Term
What musical piece is an example of expressionist music?
Definition
Pierrot Lunaire
Term
What is an example of Impressionist music?
Definition
Prelude to the Afternoon of a Faun
Term
A virtuosic soung in which the character expresses his or her feelings is called:
Definition
an aria
Term
Arias have all the following characteristics EXCEPT:
Definition

a.  clear meter

b.  rhyming lines organized into stanzas

c.  very songlike

d.  accompanied by just the basso continuo

e.  expression of the character's feelings

Term
A cross between a recitative and an aria is called:
Definition
an ariosa
Term
A dazzling technical passage designed to show off the performer's skills is called a:
Definition
cadenza
Term
A cadenza is usually heard at the beginning of a movement.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
During the Baroque priod, composers selected a series of chords that would mesh with the melody line.  This series of chords was called:
Definition
a chord progression
Term
During the Baroque period, composers became much more concerned with the chords that were formed when the musical lines sounded together.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
What is a concertino?
Definition
the name given to a group of soloists in a concerto grosso.
Term
A piece of music for instrumental soloist and orchestra is called a:
Definition
concerto
Term
Concerto grossos alternate between sections for the soloist and sections for the full orchestra.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
All of the following were used as continuo instruments except:
Definition

a.  harpsichord

b.  organ

c.  clavier

d.  clarinet

e.  lute

Term
Declamatory singing is the same thing as:
Definition
recitative
Term
Fast movements frequently have a free, improvisatory quality to them with no clear pulse or downbeat.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
The name of the organization that explored how Greek ideals could be applied to modern music was called:
Definition
The Florentine Camerata
Term
What is it called when only a portion of a melody is repeated?
Definition
fragmentation
Term
What does the term "functional harmony" mean?
Definition

a.  That each chord has a particular role to play.

b.  One chord naturally leaqds to another.

c.  Chords are carefully chosen so that they move naturally towards a cadence.

d.  All of the above.

e.  None of the above.

Term
During the Baroque period, the ideal sound was a florid (ornamented, decorated) melody line supported by a solid bass line.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
Writing music that is specifically designed to showcase a particular instrument is called:
Definition
idiomatic writing
Term
During the Baroque period, composers placed a great deal of emphasis on making all voice parts equal.
Definition

a.  true

b. false

Term
The text of an opera is called a(n):
Definition
libretto
Term
During the Baroque period, composers used the major and minor modes almost exclusively.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
When a composer adds embellishments to the final section of a da capo aria to make it more interesting, this is called a:
Definition
modified da capo aria
Term
In Baroque instrumental music, many different moods were commonly expressed in a single movement.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
In vocal music, it was common to change moods frequently.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
A distinct musical figure which is often a part of a melody is called:
Definition
a motive
Term
What is "motoristic" rhythm?
Definition
A rhythm with a steady, predictable pulse and regular downbeat.
Term
Concertos usually have ______ movements.
Definition
three
Term
Why did Baroque musicians believe that ancient Greek music was essentially dramatic in nature?
Definition
Because the music was often performed in conjunction with Greek plays.
Term
In what ways do oratorios differ from operas?
Definition

a.  There are no costumes or scenery.

b.  They are not acted out.

c.  They are always religious in nature.

d.  All of the above.

e.  None of the above.

Term
A cross between speaking and singing where there is no clear pulse is called:
Definition
recitative
Term
Baroque melodies are frequently repeated throughout the composition.
Definition

a.  true

b.  false

Term
The presentation of the main melody or theme by the full orchestra is called a:
Definition
ritornello
Term
What is the difference between a solo concerto and a concerto grosso?
Definition
A concerto grosso has more soloists.
Term
A piece of music for instrumental soloist and keyboard accompanist is called:
Definition
a sonata
Term
Vicenzo Galileo felt that vocal music should emulate:
Definition
speech
Term
In Baroque music, a sustaining instrument was often used to double the lowest notes played by the left hand of the keyboardist.  Which instrument was most commonly used for this purpose?
Definition
A member of the viol family (predecessors to the cello and double-bass)
Term
Which of the following represents ternary form?
Definition
ABA
Term
Abrupt changes between loud and soft are called:
Definition
terraced dynamics
Term
Vincenzo Galileo discovered that the music of the ancient Greeks was:
Definition
monophonic
Term
The parts of a concerto where the full orchestra plays are called ________sections.
Definition
tutti
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