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Music Terminology: Modern Era
Mr Evans' Humanities Course
29
Music
12th Grade
02/23/2011

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Term
Atonality
Definition
Music lacking a tonal center or key
Term
Ballet--classical
Definition
A style of dance based on precise conventional steps performed with graceful and flowing movements. Adheres strictly to technique
Term
Beat
Definition
Rhythm
Term
Cadence
Definition
A progression of (at least) two chords that concludes a phrase, section, or piece of music. Alternatively, a characteristic rhythmic pattern indicating the end of a phrase
Term
Chromatic Scale
Definition
A 12-note scale including all the semitones of the octave
Term
Diatonic Scale
Definition
A scale with eight notes in an octave; all but two are separated by whole tones
Term
Diatonic Scale
Definition
A scale with eight notes in an octave; all but two are separated by whole tones
Term
Concerto
Definition
A composition, usually in three parts or movements written for a soloist accompanied by an orchestra
Term
Dissonance
Definition
Harmonically unresolved chord/notes
Term
Consonance
Definition
A stable or harmonic interval (chord)
Term
Dynamics
Definition
the volume of a given note(s)
Term
Fugue
Definition
a musical form consisting of a theme repeated a fifth above or a fourth below its first statement. The various themes are called "voices"
Term
Harmony
Definition
The use of simultaneous pitches and/or chords of stable intervals
Term
Improvisation
Definition
The creative activity of immediate musical composition, which combines performance with communication of emotions and instrumental technique as well as spontaneous response to other
musicians
Term
Jazz
Definition
The music genre that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United States from a confluence of African and European music traditions
Term
Libretto
Definition
The text used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, musical, ballet, etc.
Term
Major Scale
Definition
A diatonic scales made up of seven distinct notes, plus an eighth which duplicates the first an octave higher. Its notes are separated by whole tones except for the 3rd-4th and 7th-8th
Term
Minor Scale
Definition
A diatonic scale with notes separated by whole tones except for the 2nd-3rd and 5th-6th
Term
Meter
Definition
Rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration
Term
Motif
Definition
A short musical idea, a salient recurring figure, musical fragment or succession of notes that has some special importance in or is characteristic of a composition
Term
Octave
Definition
A musical interval of eight tones
Term
Pitch
Definition
The property of sound that varies with variation in the frequency of vibration
Term
Prelude
Definition
Music that precedes a fugue or introduces an act in an opera
Term
Symphony
Definition
An extended musical composition, scored almost always for orchestra.
Term
Syncopation
Definition
A variety of rhythms which are in some way unexpected in that they deviate from the strict succession of regularly spaced strong and weak beats in a meter (pulse)
Term
Theme
Definition
The material, usually a recognizable melody, upon which part or all of a composition is based
Term
Theme and variations
Definition
The formal technique where material (in this case the theme) is repeated in an altered form. The changes may involve harmony, melody, counterpoint, rhythm, timbre, orchestration or any combination of these
Term
Timbre
Definition
The term used to denote the tone color of a specified instrument or piece of music, for example, "rough" or "bell-like."
Term
Twelve-tone
Definition
A system of composition developed by Schoenberg in which each note of the chromatic scale is used as part of a melody before any other note gets repeated
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