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Music in Religious Thought and Practice
Selected Terminology
31
Music
Undergraduate 3
09/30/2010

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Term
oral tradition
Definition
transmission of music from person to person, rather than through written means
Term
ethnomusicology
Definition
the study of the music of different cultural groups...often represents music that is unique to one cultural group
Term
notation
Definition
transmission of music by graphic representation
Term
scale
Definition
a progression of single notes (pitches) upwards or downwards in "steps" (A pentatonic scale is a 5-note scale.)
Term
drone
Definition
an audible note of fixed pitch ontinuing as a permanent bottom note under other sounding pitches (as the drone note on a bagpipe)
Term
metaphysics
Definition
relating to that which is considered transcendent or supersensible...is not subject to empirical verification
Term
cosmological
Definition
considers the character of the universe by combining speculative metaphysics and scientific knowledge, cannot be empirically proven
Term
traditional religions
Definition
sometimes called "primitive" or "pre-literate"...More accurately, traditional religions are confined to one geographical area or to one particular society or group
Term
world religions
Definition
not confined to one area...These religions are generally codified and thus can be spread through proselytizing (to convert)
Term
pagan
Definition
derived from Latin paganus ("countryman")...implies a belief in a variety of nature gods and spirits...generally refers to a believer in the polytheism of the ancient world (Ex: the pagan Greeks, Romans and Celts)...sometimes used to refer to anyone who is not a Christian (or to anyone who is not a Christian, Jew or Muslim)
Term
shaman
Definition
priest-doctor (usually a musician) who uses magic to cure the sick, to divine (discover, declare) the hidden, and to control events that affect the welfare of the people
Term
aerophone
Definition
instrument whose sound is produced by vibrating air (flute, trumpet)
Term
chordophone
Definition
an instrument whose sound is produced by vibrating strings
Term
idiophone
Definition
an instrument whose sound is produced by its own solid, vibrating body (bell, gong)
Term
membranophone
Definition
an instrument whose sound is produced by a stretched membrane (any type of drum)
Term
soteriology
Definition
doctrine of salvation through Jesus Christ
Term
Kyrie
Definition
mass, Greek language are important, purpose of it to preserve the origin, timelessness
Term
lining out
Definition
lead singer then group like call and response in Medieval period
Term
cantor chorus
Definition
lead singer, but the group joins at times unlike lining out
Term
catharsis
Definition

release of emotion

1. Spirit possession/exorcism music

2. Lament-style spirituals

3. Devotional songs

4. (Medieval period in Europe) Mystical love songs

5. Religious battle music

Term
Liturgical music
Definition

a prescribed type of ceremonial, ritualized religious music performed according to an authorized, standard form (Ex: Kyrie)

more formal than devotional songs and not sung in a place of worship

Term
Devotional songs
Definition

sung by common people. for everybody, popular or ill folk style outside original place of worship, for love

non-liturgical music

1. Pilgrims' songs

2. Ceremonial songs

3. Religious "entertainment" songs

4. Religious art music

Term
Gregorian chant
Definition
prayer in song
Term
interior time
Definition

experience through ritual, bracketed

psychological perception of time, also called experiencial, ritual time

Term
atemporal time
Definition
creation/primal time, (Hopi spiderwoman chant) play active part, participating in story, no change
Term
theurgy
Definition
when people ask something specific supernatural, if the ceremony is done correctly, will get it in exchange
Term
ecstatic trance
Definition
group experience, usually involves drums and dancing
Term
qawwali
Definition
purpose to spread islam
Term
totemism
Definition
want to show reverence and want to channel spirit of animal, spiritual protection, mystical
Term
Kachina
Definition

(doll also called sunface)

1. concepts/ ancestors, family heirlooms

2. figurines

3. regalia "never changes, some colors

4. dance/music always go together, repository form for survival

longest songs in Native American history 

sing vocables, important, secret language, non-lexical sounds, to hide sacred texts

 

 

Term
collective memory
Definition

memory shared by everyone

ancestors coming to America

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