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Music as Culture Latin America Terms
Quiz 3
28
Music
Undergraduate 1
03/24/2013

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Term
clave
Definition
A characteristic Latin American pattern made up of a tresillo and two quarter notes. It can go tresillo first, or tresillo second. (3/2 or 2/3)
Term
tresillo
Definition
A characteristic sort of Latin American triplet, this rhythmic figure consists of two dotted quarters and then an quarter note.
Term
cinquillo
Definition
A Cuban characteristic rhythm cell of quarter-eighth-quarter-eighth-quarter.
Term
cascara
Definition
Meant to interlock with the clave.
Q EE /E/E Q Q EE /E
Term
Santería
Definition
An Afro-Latin possession religion with elements of Yoruba polytheism and folk Catholicism, syncretism between Orishas and saints
Term
Vodou
Definition
A Haitian religion originating in French slave colony Saint-Domingue. They believe in a creator god called Bonye and other spirits called loa, with whom vodouists have personal relationship.
Term
orisha
Definition
The gods in Santeria/Yoruba. The pantheon of orishas include countless gods with different special jobs, like fertility or money. Popular ones include Elegua and Iansan.
Term
oriki
Definition
A form of praise poetry popular among Yoruba-speaking peoples.
Term
batá
Definition
Hourglass-shaped drum (one cone larger than other) with bells around the head. Used for religious ceremonies like Santeria, but in the modern day have been used in secular folk music.
Term
iya ilú
Definition
Lead "talking drum" of Juju music, derived from traditional Yoruba percussion, later spreading influence to Latin American music and modern genres like reggae.
Term
rumba
Definition
A rhythmic dance with Spanish and African elements, originating in Cuba. It includes dancing, often a coy innuendo of graceful flirting between a male and female dancer.
Term
montuno
Definition
The call-response B section of a son montuno piece. Improvised lead part with repetitive vocal refrain and simplified harmonies.
Term
salsa
Definition
Can signify a) any piece using big band jazz/Latin instrumentation, arranging, and performance practice; and/or b) faster pieces drawn from the Cuban son and guaracha form
Term
Nuyorican
Definition
A Puerto Rican living in the US, esp. in New York City. Salsa music became a huge deal in New York City.
Term
hocket
Definition
Trading the melody among many voices.
Term
Incas
Definition
Largest empire in pre-Columbus America. Capital in Cusco, Peru. Official language Quichua. They worshiped their king, child of the sun.
Term
stratification
Definition
the act or process or arranging persons into classes or social strata
Term
syncopation
Definition
A variety of rhythms which are in some way unexpected which make an off-beat tune or piece of music.
Term
acculturation
Definition
the process of cultural and psychological change that results following meeting between cultures
Term
syncretism
Definition
a type of acculturation by things in common
Term
mestizo
Definition
Often with fewer rights, these people are of mixed European and indigenous descent. This term was popular during Spanish reign of the American colonies.
Term
neo-European
Definition
European, but not from Europe.
Term
neo-African
Definition
African, but not from Africa. Santeria, rumba.
Term
Quichua
Definition
spoken by 2.5 million people, syntax has undergone some grammatical simplification due to creolization
Term
lingua franca
Definition
A language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native languages are different
Term
realization
Definition
performance practice was adding what's not on the page, as far as elaborating on what the bare bones music
Term
anthropomorphism
Definition
The attribution of human characteristics or behavior to a god, animal, or objects (drums)
Term
sonero
Definition
An improvising lead singer in Latin American music.
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