Shared Flashcard Set

Details

MTCE 4
MTCE 4
50
Medical
Graduate
06/08/2011

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
bordetella percussis
Definition
EA associated with whooping cough
Term
staphylococcus aureus
Definition
EA a.w. scalded skin syndrome
Term
streptobacillus moniliformis
Definition
EA a.w. rat bite fever
Term
Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
Definition
causitive agent (CA) of scrub typhus
Term
Rickettsia rickettsii
Definition
CA of rocky mountain spotted fever
Term
Rickettsia akari
Definition
CA of rickettsial pox
Term
Rickettsia typhi
Definition
CA of murine typhus
Term
bartonella bacilliformis
Definition
CA of oroya fever
Term
molluscum contagiosum
Definition
a disease who's CA is a poxvirus
Term
conjunctivitis
Definition
a condition who's CA is an adenovirus
Term
yellow fever
Definition
a condition who's CA is an arbovirus
Term
human hand, foot, and mouth disease
Definition
CA is a coxsackie virus
Term
hepatitis A
Definition
CA is a picorna virus
Term
human immunodeficiency virus
Definition
the CA of AIDS
Term
botulism
Definition
caused by a gram-positive, anaerobic, spore-producing bacteria. Only four of the seven types cause illness; they occur through ingestion, and infection of wounds.
Term
The three major types of botulism
Definition
wound: spores infect wound-->neurological problems. Food-borne: spores are ingested-->neuro, gastro, and muscle weakness. Infant: food-borne-->same, plus "floppy head."
Term
Beta group strep
Definition
most commonly effects infants who get it from their mothers, who show no symptoms. Tested in 3rd trimester.
Term
tetanus
Definition
From a bacterium found in dirt, produces a neurotoxin, which causes involuntary muscle spasms (hence "lock-jaw"). Can be deadly if infected through wound, but ingested is not a health risk.
Term
Lyme disease
Definition
burgdorferi, early: rash, flu-like; disseminated: arthritis-like, fatigue, headaches, conjunctivitis; late: joint and neuro problems
Term
septicemia
Definition
blood infection: bacteria or their toxins are present in the blood. Can be caused in many ways by many different kinds of bacteria, but often staphylococcus and streptococcus are responsible. Patients present with high fever, weakness, chills, multiple local infections, and low blood pressure.
Term
Salmonella
Definition
bacterial infection which causes headache, nausea/vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and chills. Ingested through infected meats, eggs, or water. Can be treated with antibiotics.
Term
Toxic Shock Syndrome, TSS
Definition
a disease caused by staph. aureus infection which yields a high fever, sun-burn-like rash, diarrhea, muscle tenderness, and low blood pressure.
Term
measles
Definition
air-borne virus, causes red eyes, coughing, the characteristic rash, fever, and sneezing. Koplik's spots may also be seen. IgM can be detected in the blood stream of a patient herewith. Vaccination should take place early in life.
Term
MacConkey agar
Definition
PLaN B, C: peptone, lactose, neutral red, bile salts, and crystal violet. Used to differentiate, and dye mycobacteria depending on whether they are gram-negative and ferment lactose.
Term
Gram test
Definition
crystal violet stains all bacteria, organic wash (I then EtOH), those retaining dye are positive. negatives may be counter dyed with safrinin (red).
Term
Oxidase test
Definition
discs containing a reagent which changes color when electrons are lost are washed with ddH2O, then the bacteria are allowed to grow hereon. After three minutes, if there is a color change: cyt. c is present (like in psuedomonadaceae), if not it's (-) (like enterobacteriaceae).
Term
Nagler test
Definition
Used to identify bacteria that produce lecithinases. egg-yolk agar: half is treated with suspect antitoxin, sample is distributed among both halves. A positive test: antitoxin side shows no change, clean side shows opaque area outside of bacteria
Term
Dilution test
Definition
mix suspect substance with bacterium, then administer onto nutrient rich medium. If any growth, chemical is bacteriostatic, if none: bacteriocidal.
Term
agar diffusion testing
Definition
plate with bacteria. paper disks pipetted with chemicals. Clear ring around the disk: antimicrobial chemical. different length for most chemicals, larger = more effective
Term
niacin (B3) test
Definition
mycobacterium tuberculosis releases a lot, these, in an egg based agar, will turn yellow when treated with a cyanogen bromide, due to their production.
Term
Leifson staining
Definition
tannic acid-base fuchsin stains flagella. needs to be clean slide, correct pH, and correct time submerged.
Term
Indole test
Definition
determines which bacteria which produces related substance from tryptophan. Incubate bacteria in tryptophan for 1-2 days. Afterward, add Kovac's reagent. If red: positive (E. Coli); if yellow: negative (salmonella); if orange: methyl version, variable.
Term
western blot (HIV)
Definition
electrophorese known DNA and RNA into a gel, and transfer it onto a nitrocellulose membrane. administer a patients serum onto the membrane, if the antibodies bind, they have it.
Term
southern blot
Definition
DNA detection
Term
northern
Definition
identify RNA
Term
trench fever
Definition
CA: rochalimaea quintana; vector: pediculus humanus; symptoms: fever, headache, muscle pain in the legs, rash, and chills; treatment: tetracycline
Term
Gimenez stain
Definition
air-dryed sample: +carbol-fuchsin, tap water wash, +malachite green, tap water wash, observe. Red/pink/magenta: rickettsia; blue-green: back-ground counterstain.
Term
negri bodies
Definition
acidophilic inclusions in neuronal cytoplasm, indicative of rabies
Term
dane particle
Definition
hep B CA, inner: DNA, outer: antigen
Term
KOH test
Definition
primary test for fungal detection: human cells + 10% KOH + heat; remaining visible cells on slide are fungal
Term
chytridiomycota
Definition
asexual zoosporic fungi
Term
zygomycota
Definition
produces diploid spores, sexually reproducing fungi
Term
glomeromycota
Definition
generally sexually reproducing blastophoric fungi
Term
Ascomycota
Definition
sexually or (and mostly) asexually reproducing, through the use of a sac, fungi
Term
basidiomycota
Definition
sexually reproducing, haploid spore producing fungi
Term
keratitis
Definition
inflammation of the cornea due to infection by Fusarium (fungus). Test corneal scrapings on sabourad's agar.
Term
dermatophyte
Definition
type of pathogenic fungus that often infects human skin (hair, nails, etc included), i.e. ringworm, and tinea. can be determined via identification of morphology of macroconidia/microconidia on sabouraud's agar
Term
microconidia
Definition
smallest of the spores created by an asexual fungus; non-motile
Term
macroconidia
Definition
largest of the spores created by an asexual fungus, non-motile
Term
arthroconidia
Definition
spores created when fungal hyphae segment, not environmentally durable, asexual
Supporting users have an ad free experience!