Shared Flashcard Set

Details

MSK - Rega
I
37
Medical
Professional
05/29/2010

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is parallel fibered bone?
Definition
It is lamellar bone and primary osteonal bone.
Term
What are osteocytes?
Definition

they are trapped osteoblasts that regulate Ca uptake/deposition. they communicate via cannaliculi

 

Term
What is osteoid?
Definition
Collagen, bone matrix proteins and alkaline phosphate.
Term
What is type I collagen?
Definition

2 alpha I +

1 alpha II chains

Term
what is osteocalcin?
Definition

 Ca binding protein

recruits osteoclasts

Term
what is osteonectin?
Definition

it makes up 10% of bone protein.

links to hydoxyapetite

regulates crystal growth

Term
Osteopontin
Definition

Secreted by osteoblasts, clasts and macros

enhances cell survival,

Inhibit mineralization.

Term
What are the clinical features of Rickets?
Definition

Siezrues, apnea, and tetany.

In children:

bowing of long bones

Harrisons groove - line around diaphragm

Radiology:

Widening of epiphysial plate, cupping,

shaft deformities.

Term
What is the pathology of rickets?
Definition

Collagen normal,

bone mineral deficient

Term
Where is the growth plate?
Definition
Bw the Epiphysis and Metaphysis.
Term
What is cortiacal bone?
Definition
It is dense bone with haversian systems
Term
What is trabecular bone?
Definition

It is cancellous bone with

buttresses arrayed along stress lines

Term

What is Fi

Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP)?

Definition

It is a rare dz

mm turns to bone

Mut in gene -> too much BMP

Term

What happens when osteoclasts are mechanically stimulated?

How does this effect Osteoblasts?

Definition

Osteoclasts release prostoglandins when mechanically stimulated.

Prostaglandins inhibit apoptosis of osteoblasts.

 

 

Term
What is osteopenia, what are its causes?
Definition

It means thins bones, caused by:

Osteoporosis

VitD def

hyerthyroidism

hyperparathyroidism

Term
What is osteoporosis?
Definition

Low bone mass

microarchitecture disruption

normal mineralization

Term
What is osteomalacia?
Definition

Poorly mineralized bone.

Rickets is a form of juvenile osteomalacia

Term
What is osteogenesis imperfecta?
Definition

Collagen type I defect

significant reduction in cortical width

red in cancellous bone volume

red in trabecular # and width

inc bone turnover

Term
What is the effect of Thalasemia on bones?
Definition

There is a lower amount of RBCs in thalasemi... this causes hypoxia.

Bone marrow expands to accomodate RBC productions and causes osteoporosis, even in childern.

Skull gets spiky hair effect on xray.

 

Term
What is woven bone?
Definition

It has irregular collagen network. It is the immature form and found in first stage of injury repair.

It is relatively less mineralized.

Term
What kind of bone makes up lamellar and primayr osteonal bone?
Definition

Parallel - fibered bone.

 

Term
what cells make type I collagen?
Definition
Osteoblasts.
Term
Seed crystals initiate formation of larger needle-shaped crystals oriented parallel to collagen. What protin regulates this process?
Definition
Osteonectin regulated.
Term

T/F:

Periosteum regulates healing in Fx

Definition
T
Term

T/F:

No transphysial vascularization is present in the growth plate.

Definition
T
Term

T/F:

Bone responds to tension with either osteolytic or osteoproliferative response.

Definition
T
Term
At any given time 3% of cortical bone and 7% of trabecular bone is remodling. Based on this knowledge, which type of bone would have a higher life expectancy?
Definition

Cortical bone has a 20 year life expectancy.

vs 4 yrs for trabecular bone.

Term

What type of cell produces collagenase?

What does collagenase do?

Definition

Activated osteoblasts.

It digests osteoid bone surface, exposing mineralized bone. -> exposed bone matrix is chemotactic for osteoclasts.

Term
What are the side effects of Bishphosphonates and other osteoclast inhibitors such as fosamax and alendronate and zolecronica acid?
Definition

Hypocalcemia -> compensatory increase in parathyroid hormone.

Osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Term
what is the pathology of osteogenesis imperfecta?
Definition

genetic type I collagen defect.

normal mineralization but significant reduction in cortical width.

Term

T/F

Bone is anisotripic

Definition
T
Term
What do you call a distal radius fx at the wrist?
Definition
Colles Fx
Term

Name the force that generated the following Fx:

Green stick

Hair line

Definition
Tension
Term

Name the force the generated the following fx:

Comminuted

Butterfly

Buckle

Definition
Compression
Term
What does a petechial rash at the site of fx indicate?
Definition
fat embolism
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