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Ms. Hoff exam 4 test
chapter 15
49
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
12/03/2010

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Term
Psychotherapy
Definition
therapy for mental methods aimed at making people feel better and function more effectively.
Term
Psychoanalysis
Definition
insight therapy that emphasizes revealing the unconscious conflicts
Term
Dream interpretation
Definition
manifest content
Latent content
Term
manifest content
Definition
actual content of one’s dream
Term
Latent content
Definition
symbolic of hidden meaning of dreams
Term
Free association
Definition
patient encouraged to talk about anything that came to mind
Term
Resistance
Definition
patient becomes reluctant to talk about a certain topic or changing subject or becoming silent
Term
Transference
Definition
tendency for patient or client to project positive or negative feelings for important people from the past onto the therapist
Term
Humanistic therapies
Definition
(Carl Rogers) focus on conscious, subjective experiences of emotion and people’s sense of self, experiences in their daily life, not childhood or history
Term
Person centered therapy
Definition
nondirective insight therapy based on Carl Rogers, which client does all the talking and therapist listen
Term
4 key elements Carl Rogers considered necessary for successful client/therapist relationship
Definition
Reflection
Authenticity
Empathy
Unconditional positive regard
Term
Reflection
Definition
therapist relates what the client says rather than interpreting those statements
Term
Unconditional positive regard
Definition
warmth, respect, and accepting atmosphere created by the therapist for the client in person-centered therapy
Term
Empathy
Definition
ability of the therapist to understand the feelings of the client
Term
Authenticity
Definition
genuine, open, and honest response of the therapist to the client
Term
Gestalt therapy
Definition
directive insight therapy which the therapist helps clients to accept all parts of their feelings, using leading questions and planned experiences such as role-playing.
Term
How does Gestalt Therapy differ from
Person-Centered Therapy?
Definition
Diff. from person-centered therapy by it is directive insight not nondirective
Term
Behavior therapies
Definition
action therapies based on principles of classical and operant conditioning, aim at changing disordered behavior without concern of the original causes of such behavior
Term
Systematic desensitization
Definition
client is asked to make a list of ordered fears and taught to relax while concentration on those fears
Term
Flooding
Definition
person is rapidly and intensely exposed to their fears
Term
Aversion therapy
Definition
undesirable behavior is paired with an aversive stimulus to reduce the frequency of the behavior. (someone wants to stop smoking who uses rapid-smoking until puke)
Term
Arbitrary inference
Definition
person jumping to a conclusion that is not based on any evidence
Term
Selective thinking
Definition
person focuses on only one aspect of situation while ignoring all other relevant aspects
Term
Overgeneralization
Definition
person draws sweeping conclusions based on only one incident or event and applies those conclusions to events that are unrelated to the original. (I insulted my teacher, I’ll flunk and never be able to get a job)
Term
Magnification
Definition
person blows a negative event out of proportion
Term
Minimization
Definition
ignoring relevant positive events
Term
Personalization
Definition
person takes responsibility or blame for events that are unconnected to the person. (husband comes home from work and unhappy, wife assumes he is angry at her)
Term
Cognitive therapy
Definition
focused on helping people change their ways of thinking
Term
Cognitive behavioral therapy
Definition
help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically
Term
Rational emotive behavior therapy
Definition
clients are directly challenged in their irrational beliefs and helped to restructure their thinking into more rational belief statements
Term
Function of group therapies
Definition
insight or cognitive behavioral style, although person centered, Gestalt, and behavior therapies.
Term
Goal of family therapy groups
Definition
share their problems and provide social and emotional support for each other.
Term
Structure of group therapies
Definition
small groups or related persons or other groups of unrelated persons that meet without the benefit of a therapist
Term
Function of self help groups
Definition
formed around a particular problem
Term
Advantages or group therapy
Definition
lower cost, exposure to the same problems, opportunity for both therapist and the person to see how that person interacts with others, social and emotional support from people who have problems that are similar or nearly identical to one’s own
Term
Disadvantages of group therapy
Definition
make some people to reluctant to speak freely when the therapist is not the only person there, client must share the therapist’s time during session
Term
Psychopharmacology
Definition
the use of drugs to control or relieve the symptoms of psychological disorders.
Term
Antipsychotic: Typical Neuroleptic
Definition
treats delusions or hallucinations, side effects: motor problems, tardive dyskinesia, examples: Chorpromazine, Droperidol, Haloperidol
Term
Antipsychotic: Atypical Neuroleptic
Definition
treats pos and some neg symptoms of psychoses, side effects: may cause serious blood disorder, examples: Risperidone, Clozapine, Aripiprazole
Term
Antianxiety: Minor Tranquilizers
Definition
treats symptoms of anxiety and phobic reactions, side effects: slight sedative effect, potential for physical dependence, examples: Xanax, Ativan, Valium
Term
Antimanic
Definition
treats manic behavior, side effects: potential for toxic buildup, examples: Lithium, anticonvulsant drugs
Term
Antidepressants: MAOIs
Definition
treats depression, side effects – weight gain, constipation, dry mouth, dizziness, headache, drowsiness, insomnia, some sexual arousal disorders, examples: Iproniazid, Isocarboxazid, Phenelzine sulfite, Tranylcypromine sulfate
Term
Antidepressants: Tricyclics
Definition
treats depression, side effects: skin rashes, blurred vision, lowered blood pressure, weight loss, examples: Imipramine, Desipramine, Amitriptyline, Doxepin
Term
Antidepressants: SSRIs
Definition
treats depression, side effects: Nausea, nervousness, insomnia, diarrhea, rash, agitation, some sexual arousal problems, examples: Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Paroxetine.
Term
Prefrontal lobotomy
Definition
psychosurgery in which the connections of the prefrontal lobes of the brain to the rear protions are severed
Term
Bilateral cingulotomy
Definition
electrode wire inserted into cingulated area of the brain with guidance of magnetic resonance imaging machine to destroy the brain tissue with an electric current
Term
Effects of electroconvulsive therapy
Definition
treats severe depression, immediate improvement in mood, treat schizophrenia and severe mania.
Term
Insight therapies
Definition
aimed mainly at one’s motive and action
Term
Action therapies
Definition
main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly
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