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Mrs. Gates - World History
Exam on Chapters 1-9
115
History
10th Grade
01/15/2013

Additional History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Why should a person study history?
Definition

1 - History prepares us for the future.

2 - History gives us cultural identity.

3 - History declares God's glory.

Term
What is history?
Definition
the study of the record of the past acts of God and man on earth from its creation to the present, based on the best surviving evidence.
Term
What is the difference between primary sources and secondary sources?
Definition

Primary sources - Records produced during the time period being studies, usually by those involved. These are the most reliable.

Secondary sources - Records that explain or intercept primary sources.

Term
Artifacts
Definition
objects made by humans
Term
What is the Christian worldview?
Definition
Presented in the Bible, it is composed of 3 central truths. 1 - God made the world and everything in it. 2 - This world has fallen into a sad and broken condition because of human sin. 3 - God is working to redeem men and women to Himself.
Term
Define human depravity.
Definition
The doctrine that every aspect of every human's being (body, mind, will, and emotions) has been marred by the fall and is opposed to God's will.
Term
Define divine sovereignty.
Definition
God's complete and permanent authority over this world.
Term
Creation Mandate
Definition
The central command of Genesis 1:28 is the command to "subdue" the earth by exercising "dominion" over it.
Term
Nation
Definition
Very large group of people (usually including many cities) who have in common the same land area and the same language.
Term
"Land between the rivers"
Definition
Mesopotania
Term
Cuneiform
Definition
The earliest known form of writing. It was in Sumer (Sumerian writing)
Term
Epic of Gilgamesh
Definition
Babylonian literature, epic poem, long narrative poem dealing with the deeds of a heroic figure.
Term
What is the difference between astronomy and astrology?
Definition

Astronomy - study of celestial bodies

 

Astrology - interpretation of human events and destiny by the positioning of the planets and stars

Term
Menes united ________ and _______ Egypt.
Definition
the 2 lands of upper and lower Egypt
Term
Most famous pharoah: ___________ (He built the great pyramid.)
Definition
Khufu (also known as Cheops)
Term
Hatshepsut
Definition
One of the early rulers of the New Kingdom, first great woman ruler of Egypt.
Term
Hieroglyphics
Definition
a form of picture writing in Egypt
Term
King Tut
Definition
Became the pharoah of Egypt. Discovered in 1922.
Term
Hittites excelled in the production in _____.
Definition
iron
Term
Phoenicians were given credit for their ___________.
Definition
alphabet
Term
The Abrahamic Covenant
Definition
expresses very briefly God's plan for redeeming His fallen world to Himself
Term
Babylonian Captivity-lasted _____ years.
Definition
70
Term
Nebuchadnessar-leader of where?
Definition
Babylonia
Term
Cyrus the Great-leader of where?
Definition
Persia
Term
What was the capital city of Crete?
Definition
Konossos
Term
What were the two early civilization of Greece?
Definition
Minoan, Mycenac
Term
What group conquered the Mycenaeans?
Definition
Dorians
Term
Who is the author of the Iliad and the Odyssey?
Definition
Homer
Term
Zeus
Definition
ruler of the gods
Term
Athena
Definition
patron of the city of Athens, goddess of wisdom
Term
Anthropomorphic
Definition
having human form attributes
Term
What was the Olympiad?
Definition
the four-year internal between the games in honor of Zeus
Term
Polis
Definition
city state
Term
List and describe the four forms of government in Greece.
Definition

monarchy-rule by one

oligarchy-rule by many

tyranny-rule by force

democracy-rule by the people

Term
Compare Sparta and Athens.
Definition

Sparta - Conquered by the Dorians. Her inhabitants were made slaves. Warriors trained at young age. Oligarchy government.

Athens - Nurtured creativity, commercial endeavors, democracy, individualism, beauty.

Term
What are the three Persian Wars.
Definition
Thermopylae, Salamis, Marathon
Term
What was the Peloponnesian War?
Definition
a devastating civil war pitting Greek against Greek (Spartans against Athens)
Term
Who was the "Father of History"?
Definition
Herodotus
Term
What is the most spectacular temple in Greece?
Definition
Parthanon
Term
Mare Nostrum
Definition
"our sea"
Term
What is the myth about the founding of Rome?
Definition
Romanus killed Remus
Term
What were the two social classes?
Definition
patricians and plebians
Term
List and explain the three branches of Roman government.
Definition

Consul - one year term

Senate - most powerful, ruled for life

Assemblies - voice of the people

Term
Veto - "____________"
Definition
I forbid
Term
Describe the three Punic Wars.
Definition

1st was fought over control of the island of Sicily.

2nd was planned to isolate Carthage's forces in Spain.

3rd harshly demanded that Carthyinians move their city ten miles inland.

Hanibal-Carthage

Term
Describe the 3 Civil Wars. (Be sure to include any significant people in #45 and #46.)
Definition

1st-Malius created a "professional" army, one that served for financial gain rather than for a patriotic cause. In 88 BC, war broke out in Asia Minor. Senate appointed Sulla. Tribal Assembly rejected the Senate's choice and appointed Marius instead.

2nd-Julius Caesar, Crassus, and Pompey fought for control. Crassus and Pompey both died during fighting. Julius killed by Senate.

3rd-Octavian and Antony planned to rule together, but Antony fell in love with Cleopatra. Octavian feared Eqypt would gain control so he went after Antony. Cleopatra and Antony both committed suicide.

Term
Pax Romana
Definition
period of prosperity (Roman peace)
Term
Review the names of Octavian (princeps-________; first to be called Emperor; ______-family name; __________-title of divinity)
Definition
(Princeps-1st Citizen; first to be called Emperor; Caesar-family name; Augustus-title of divinity)
Term
What was the problem when Octavian died?
Definition
didn't have a will
Term
Be familiar with the contributions to law.
Definition
see page 100
Term
Virgil
Definition
Homer of Rome
Term
What happened on Ponpeii?
Definition
Mt. Vesuvius errupted
Term
What is an aqueduct?
Definition
transports water throughout city
Term
What was the purpose of the Colosseum?
Definition
an entertainment for gladiators, reenactments, plays, shows, death, competition
Term
Where would the people gather to watch the chariot races?
Definition
circus maximus
Term
__________-the last of the so-called Good Emperors of Rome.
Definition
Marcus Arelius
Term
What was the turning point of history?
Definition
Jesus
Term
_______-the first martyr
Definition
Steven
Term
Nero was responsible for what?
Definition
Killing Christians. 1st official persecutor.
Term
Diocletian
Definition
Last widespread persecution. Dismissed Christian soldiers from the army and ordered the disfunction of Christian churches and the burning of the Scriptures.
Term
Edict of Milan
Definition
made Christianity legal by Constantine
Term
Council of Nicaea
Definition
Presided over by Constantine. Affirmed Christ's diety and the doctrine of the Trinity.
Term
What were 4 reasons for the decline of the Roman Empire?
Definition

political disorder

economy

family/social

moral decay

Term
The Eastern Roman Empire became known as the _______ Empire.
Definition
Byzantine
Term
What was the Justinian's Code?
Definition
a systematic arrangement of laws that clarified Roman legal principles. This code preserved the heritage of the Roman legal system.
Term
What was the purpose of the Crusades?
Definition
to free the East, especially the Holy Land, from these Muslim invaders
Term
What was the favorite decorative art of the Byzantine churches?
Definition
mosaics
Term
What was the largest group of early inhabitants of Russia?
Definition
Slavs
Term
__________ established Orthodox Christianity as the official state religion.
Definition
Vladimir I
Term

Bedouins were __________________________

___________________________.

Definition
roamed the desert in search of pasture land and water for their herds of goats, sheep and camels.
Term
The last and greatest prophet of Allah
Definition
Muhammad
Term
Submitters to Islam-___________ ("submitters to Allah")
Definition
Muslims
Term
Muhammad was born in ______.
Definition
Mecca
Term
The heart of Islam is the _____.
Definition
Koran
Term
_______-holy war
Definition
Jihad
Term
What was the purpose of the Battle of Tours?
Definition
Muslim forces pushed eastward into India and were stopped by the Franks at the Battle of Tours.
Term
A Muslim temple
Definition
mosque
Term
Topography
Definition
The physical features of a land, climate, and population. It is a study in contrasts.
Term
What are the social groups of the caste system?
Definition
Brahman, warriors, merchants, servants
Term
____________ is the main religion of Inida.
Definition
Hinduism
Term
___________ founded Buddhism.
Definition
Siddhartha Gautama
Term
Why was China referred to as the Middle Kingdom?
Definition
because they believed China to be the center of the earth
Term
What two main philosophies influenced Chinese life?
Definition
Confucianism and Taoism
Term
During which dynasty was the Great Wall constructed?
Definition
Ch'in Dynasty
Term
What was the oldest dynasty of China?
Definition
Shang Dynasty
Term
What is Japan's oldest surviving religion?
Definition
Shintoism
Term
Bushido
Definition
An unwritten military code. "The way of the warrior." Governed the conduct of the samurai.
Term
Genghis Kahn-"_______ ruler"
Definition
universal
Term
Kublai Khan-founder of the _______ dynasty
Definition
Mongol or Yuan
Term
What was the earliest kingdom of Africa?
Definition
Kush
Term
Polygamy
Definition
marrying more than one wife
Term
Catholic means "_________"
Definition
universal
Term
Petrine Theory
Definition
Holds that Christ made Peter the first pope and gave him supreme authority over the church on earth.
Term
Holy Eucharist
Definition
Holy Communion. Sacrifice in which the priest sacrifices anew.
Term
Transubstantiation
Definition
aka mass. The priest claims to transform the bread and winde into the actual body and blood of Christ.
Term
________-first Frankish king
Definition
Clovis
Term
Who really had the power during the rule of the "do-nothing kings"?
Definition
the principal palace official, called the major domo, the mayor of the palace.
Term
_________-"The Hammer"-stopped the advancement of the Muslims during the Battle of Tours.
Definition
Charles Martel
Term
Why Charlemagne is considered great?
Definition
According to Einhard, Charlemagne's close friend and biographer, Charlemagne was large and strong and of lofty stature, thought not disproportionately tall (his height is well known to have been 7 times the length of his foot.)
Term
________ was the basis of wealth and power during the Feudal Age.
Definition
land
Term
Landholder
Definition
lords
Term
Land
Definition
fief
Term
_________-servant
Definition
vassal
Term
Feudalism
Definition
the form of government prevalent in western Europe from 9th to 13th centuries
Term
Three steps to becoming a knight.
Definition
page, squire, chivalry
Term
Lay investiture
Definition
Kings and nobles were claiming that it was their rights not only to appoint church officials but also to invest them with their religious authority.
Term
Conflict between Henry IV and Gregory VII
Definition
Over above issue, Henry threatens Gregory, so Gregory excommunicates Henry. Henry travels to Canossa and stands in the snow for 3 days waiting for the Pope's forgiveness.
Term
Excommunication
Definition
The punishment of an individual by depriving him of the sacraments and excluding him from the fellowship of the church.
Term
Interdict
Definition
The suspension of public church services and of the administration of sacraments except baptism and annointment of oil.
Term
Inquisition
Definition
A special church court commissioned by the pope to stamp out heresy.
Term
Heresy
Definition
believing doctrine which is contrary to the official church
Term
_______ founded the Holy Roman Empire.
Definition
Otto I
Term
__________-founder of the English navy and united England
Definition
Alfred the Great
Term
Battle of Hastings was over?
Definition
William 1st and Herald both wanted throne.
Term
Magna Carta
Definition
King's power is limited. King John was the king.
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