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Mr. Buck chap 10
China's Golden Age
37
History
7th Grade
02/04/2009

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Cards

Term
Zhu Xi
Definition
The most famous neo-confucianist thinker
Term
merit system
Definition
the system of employing and promoting civil servants on the basis of ability
Term
literacy
Definition
ability to read and write
Term
money economy
Definition
a system in which people use currency rather than barter
Term
Empress Wu
Definition
the only woman emeror to rule imperial China
Term
bureaucracy
Definition
government with many departments headed by officials
Term
land tenure, or ownership
Definition
the way in which land is owned and scattered over an area
Term
diplomacy
Definition
Term
How did the Tang dynasty build a strong central government
Definition
bringing back the official system of government, or bureaucracy
Term
nirvana
Definition
in Buddhism, a state of complete peace
Term
The Chinese wanted to end their suffering.  This difficult time in their history led to the spread of
Definition
Buddhism
Term
urbanization
Definition
the growth of cities
Term
Why didn't the Chinese grow crops such as barley and wheat in southern China?
Definition
the area was too humid
Term
What was one result of the creation of a central bureaucracy during the Tang Dynasty?
Definition
a stable empire
Term
What city's design and features were meant to be exciting to visitors?
Definition
Chang'an
Term
Which condition in China during the Han Dynasty helped lead to the spread of Buddhism?
Definition
a hope to ease suffering
Term
Unlike followers of Chan Buddhism, Pure Land Buddhists_____________
Definition
performed religious ceremonies to reach the Pure Land
Term
How did the development of Chang'an affect the rest of Asia?
Definition
It created an impressive trading center.
Term
What was the reason for the rise in population during the Song Dynasty?
Definition
a great increase in food production.
Term
The hot and humid areas of Southern China were perfect for?
Definition
developing rice paddies
Term
Why was the Tang era thought of as a golden age in China?
Definition
painting, poetry, and pottery reached new heights of expression
Term
The performance of rituals of devotion to get into paradise distinguished
Definition
Pure land Buddhism from Chan Buddhism
Term

Why did the Emperor Wuzong mistreat Buddhists?

Definition
He criticized the Buddhists' wealth and favored Daoism.
Term
As rice production increased in China ________
Definition
the population greatly increased
Term
What allowed the Chinese to navigate, or pilot, the open seas without getting lost?
Definition
the magnetic compass
Term
What helped the most form the Tang era into a golden age in Chinese art?
Definition
Chang'an became thriving cultural center
Term
The Song Dynasty believed in economic growth and the merit system but was not _________________
Definition
expansionist
Term
List 3 objections to Buddhism during the Tang Dynasty
Definition

1.  It was a foreign religion

2.  Buddhists withdrew from the world

3.  Money and resources were given to Buddhist institutions.

Term
Confucianism led to an orderly Chinese society because it _______________
Definition
encoraged belivers to follow their roles and respect social rank
Term
How did the invention of the magnetic compass affect the Chinese culture?
Definition
it allowed Chinese to visit distant lands and return safely.
Term
Confucian officers thought that making money from trade was unworthy.  Even so, _____________
Definition
trade and commerce grew to new levels during the Song Dynasty
Term
The Song Dynasty was an era of ________
Definition
good government
Term
A bureaucracy is a system of government.  List 2 reasons Tang Taizong's use of a bureaucracy helped make his empire stable and secure?
Definition

1.  bureaucracy made the government efficient which made him a stronger ruler.

2.  people could trust him so China flourished

Term
Confucius said, "let the prince be a prince,... the father a father." How was this idea carried out in Chinese society?
Definition
Subjects respected their rulers; rulers respected the nation.
Term
List 3 things that increased Chinese trade.
Definition

1.  Building waterways.

2.  Use of copper coins.

3.  Increased farm production.

Term
Why did the Song Dynasty use a merit system for civil servants?
Definition
Hiring and promoting these workers was based on skills this avoided giving jobs to unqualified people making a more skilled government work force.
Term
How did innovations in agriculture, technology, and commerce allow China to increase its population and quality of life?
Definition
improvements in farming produced enough food for a growing population.  Better ships meant more ocean going trade.  Gunpowder meant a stronger army which meant more safety and a bigger empire.  Printing improved literacy. advancemets in porcelan, ceramics and silk created new industry.  Canals and waterways produced new ways to bring products to market.  Iron production created new useful products, use of money increased trade, increased wealth meant more education and a better life
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