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Motor Systems 1
Neuroscience
20
Medical
Professional
04/19/2011

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Term
Which muscle group are extensors?
Definition
axial
Term
muscle group are flexors
Definition
distal
Term
Explain the characteristics of distal muscle groups
Definition
they are FLEXORS
phasically allow movement
LATERAL a-motorneurons and interneurons in spinal cord
Term
Axial musculature
Definition
EXTENSORS
they TONICALLY support posture
their neurons are located MEDIALLY
are found VENTRAL (anterior) to distals
Term
This system utilizes the pyramids.
Definition
corticospinal tract
Term
How is the body arranged in the spinal cord
Definition
head is MOST lateral
arm trunks
Legs most medial
Term
What does the corticospinal system use to innervate muscles?
Definition
cortical columns- 100-300 microns
Term
Explain the input-output coupling theory?
Definition
proprioceptive input travels to precentral cortical column

It arrives via VA and VL to influence efferent output
Term
Where does the proprioceptive input begin?
Definition
distal joint involved in the movment of the muscle.
Term
Where does the cutaneous input to the cortical columns originate from?
Definition
skin region lying in the pathway.
Term
What is area 4 responsible for?
Definition
the precentral cortex (distal)
Term
area 6
Definition
precentral cortex (proximal and axial)
Term
area 8
Definition
frontal eyelids
Term
Areas 1,2,3
Definition
post central gyrus
Term
Where does area 1,2,3 terminate?
Definition
dorsal horn and dorsal column nuclei
Term
explain pathway of corticospinal fibers
Definition
precentral cortex-->corona radiata-->posterior internal capsule-->cerebral peduncles-->pyramids-->decussation (80% contra-LCSt)
Term
What other fibers travel with the CST?
Definition
Post central gyrus. they both synapse on dorsal horn
Term
Corticopontine fibers pathway
Definition
frontal/temporal cortex-->ant. limb of internal capsule-->pontine nuclei

POT fibers travel in posterior limb
Term
corticobulbar fibers
Definition
pre-and post cortex-->genu (middle)internal capsule-->reticular formation, motoneurons of CN nuclei, and sensory relay nuclei
Term
corticorubral tract
Definition
precentral cortex-->posterior limb of internal capsule--> red nucleus of midbrain
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