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Morphine Sulfate
Describe Morphine Sulfate and its properties
8
Medical
Undergraduate 1
01/09/2015

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Term

Morphine Sulfate

MS Contin; Duramorph; Astramorph Name the class of drug that morphine belongs in

Definition
Narcotic-analgesic; opiate; schedule II narcotic; CNS agent
Term
Morphine Sulfate
Side effects
Definition
CNS: Altered mentation; headache; blurred vision; constricted pupils; paradoxical CNS stimulation; euphoria; drowsiness; syncope
Cardiovascular: bradycardia; hypotension; tachycardia; palpitations
Respiratory: Respiratory depression; respiratory arrest; bronchoconstriction; decrease cough reflex
GI: N/V Abd. cramps; dry mouth; urinary retention
Other: Skin rashes; urinary retention; pupil constriction; facial flushing; localized allergic reaction with IV administration; addiction with long term use
Term
Morphine Sulfate:
Contraindications:
Definition
Absolute: Known hypersensitivity; altered mentation; head injury; acute alcoholism; acute asthma; exacerbated COPD; hypotension; hypovolemia; monoamine oxidase inhibitors within previous 14 days; increased ICP due to CO2 retention causing cerebral vasodilation
Relative: Seizure disorders; hepatic or renal insufficiency; ingested poisining
Term
Morphine Sulfate
(MS Contin, astramorph,duramorph)
Indications:
Definition
1.)Cardiac chest pain unresponsive to nitroglycerin.
2.) Severe pain associated with myocardial infarction, kidney stones, etc.
3.) Acute pulmonary edema, CHF with or without associated pain.
4.) Pain associated with isolated extremity fractures, renal colic, burns.
Term
Morphine Sulfate
(MS Contin, Astramorph, Duramorph)
Action:
Onset:
Duration
Definition
1.) Binds with opiate receptors in the sensory cortex of the frontal lobes and diencephalon, altering both perception and emotional response to pain.
2.)Secondary pharmacologic effects of morphine include depressed responsiveness of alpha adrenergic receptors (producing peripheral vasodilation) and baroreceptor inhibition.
3.) Reduces anxiety, respiratory effort, preload, afterload, and cardiac workload thus decreasing myocardial oxygen demand
Onset: less than 1 minute with peak at 7 to 10 minutes.
Duration: 4 to 8 hours
Term
Morphine Sulfate
Dosage
Route
Definition
Adult dosage:
Cardiac: 2 to 5 mg SIVP @ 1 mg/minute (repeat every 3 to 5 min. until pain is relieved or respiratory depression occurs.
Pain Relief: .1 mg/kg loading dose titrated to effect.
Pediatric Dosage: .05 to .1 mg/kg over 5 minutes. Maximum dose is 15 mg.May repeat every 2 hours p.r.n.

Route: IVP; IO
Term
Morphine Sulfate:
Pregnancy Safety?
Definition
Negative ghostrider the pattern is full!

Class C
Term
Morhpine Sulfate:
Interactions:
Definition
1.) Central nervous system depressants, tricyclic antidepressants, alcohol, antihistamines, barbiturates, beta blockers, and chlorpromazine may potentiate effects
2.) MAOI drugs may cause paradoxical excitation
3.) Do not mix with aminophylline, meperidine, or sodium bicarbonate

Vagotonic effects (bradycardia, heart blocks)
Hypotension may develop in volume depleted patients
Can cause bronchoconstriction
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