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Modules 8-13
M14L2R1: Flashcard Review
20
Chemistry
11th Grade
05/21/2013

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Term
Acid
Definition
a compound that donates H+ ions to a solution; pH <7
Term
Base
Definition
a compound that removes H+ ions from aqueous solution or donates OH-; pH >7
Term
pH
Definition
describes how acidic or basic a solution is
Term
Thermochemistry
Definition
the study of energy changes that occur during chemical reactions and changes in state
Term
Titration
Definition
the process of adding a known amount of solution of known concentration to determine the concentration of another solution
Term
Kinetic Molecular Theory
Definition
the theory that all matter is composed of particles (atoms and molecules) moving constantly in random directions
Term
Charles' Law
Definition
direct relationship between temperature and volume
Term
Boyle's Law
Definition
inverse relationship between volume and pressure
Term
Equilibrium
Definition
when the forward rate of a chemical reaction is the same as the reverse rate. This only takes place in reversible reactions because these are the only type of reaction in which the forward and backward reactions can both take place.
Term
Oxidation Number
Definition
the apparent charge on an atom.
Term
Stoichiometry
Definition
the art of figuring how much stuff you'll make in a chemical reaction from the amount of each reagent you start with.
Term
Redox Reaction
Definition
reaction that has both an oxidation and reduction.
Term
Oxidation
Definition
when a substance loses electrons.
Term
Indicator
Definition
compound that turns different colors at different pH values. We generally like to have the color change at a pH of around seven because that's where the equivalence point of a titration is.
Term
Half-life
Definition
time required for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay. When talking about chemical reactions, it's the amount of time required to make half the reagent react.
Term
Activation Energy
Definition
minimum amount of energy needed for a chemical reaction to take place.
Term
Gay-Lussac's Law
Definition
pressure of a gas varies directly with its temperature when volume is held constant
Term
Solvation Process
Definition
Ionic crystal is immersed in a solvent

Ions become solvated and break away from the crystal

The crystal is completly broken apart as all of the ions become solvated, and a solution of solvated (aqueous) ions results
Term
Nonelectrolyte
Definition
solute is dissolved in a solvent, it will not conduct electricity.
Term
Oil is ______ to Water
Definition
immiscible
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