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modules 23-29
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19
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/23/2012

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
acquisition
Definition
in classical conditioning, the initial stage, when one links a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus begins triggering the conditioned response; in operant conditioning, the strengthening of a reinforced response
Term
higher-order conditioning
Definition
procedure in which the conditioned stimulus in one conditioned experience is paired with a new neutral stimulus, creating a second conditioned stimulus (second order conditioning)
Term
extinction
Definition
diminishing of a conditioned response; occurs in classical conditioning when an unconditioned stimulus does not follow a conditioned stimulus; in operant conditioning when a response is no longer reinforced
Term
spontaneous recovery
Definition
reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response
Term
generalization
Definition
the tendency, once a response has been conditioned, for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit similar resonses
Term
discrimination
Definition
in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus
Term
John Garcia
Definition
received the American Psychological Association's Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award for his pioneering research in conditioning and learning and was also elected to the National Academy of Sciences
Term
taste aversion
Definition
once you've had a bad experience after eating this food (whether related or not) you tend to avoid this food so that it doesn't happen again
Term
romantic red
Definition
men found women more attractive and sexually desirable when framed in red
Term
biopsychosocial influences on learning
Definition
our learning results not only from environmental experiences, but also from cognitive and biological influences
Term
John B. Watson
Definition
admitted to "going beyond my facts" when offering his famous boast: "Give me a dozen healthy infants, well-formed, and my own specific world to bring them up in and i'll guarantee to take any one at random and train him to become any type of specialist i might select.... regardless of his talents...."
Term
conditioned stimulus
Definition
originally irrelevant stimulus that, after association with an US, comes to trigger a conditioned response
Term
conditioned response
Definition
the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus
Term
unconditioned stimulus
Definition
stimulus that unconditionally--naturally and automatically--triggers a response
Term
unconditioned response
Definition
the unlearned naturally occurring response to the unconditioned stimulus (salivation when food is in the mouth)
Term
behaviorism
Definition
view that psych should be objective science that suidies behavior without reference to mental processes
Term
learning
Definition
a relatively permanent change in an organism's behavior due to experience
Term
classical conditioning
Definition
a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events
Term
associative learning
Definition
learning that certain events occur together. the events may be two stimuli or a response and its consequences
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