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Mitosis and Meiosis Vocab
these are used for mrs jordan's class =)
17
Science
7th Grade
02/22/2010

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Term
Body Cell
Definition
the type of cell everything besides your egg or sperm is made of, uses asexual reproduction (mitosis) to reproduce, and only produces 2 daughter cells, with identical DNA
Term
Sex Cells
Definition
Either an egg or a sperm, reproduces by sexual reproduction and produces an entire organism
Term
Mitosis (Asexual Reproduction)
Definition
Only has one parent cell. The parent cell splits and each daughter cell has the same DNA as the parent
Term
Meiosis
Definition
The process that sex cells are made
Term
Sexual Reproduction
Definition
Has 2 parent cells and DNA is different than either parent cell
Term
Gamete
Definition
the scientific word for 'sex cells'
Term
Ovaries
Definition
where eggs are made in females
Term
Testicles
Definition
where sperm is made in males
Term
egg and sperm
Definition
both sex cells and contain half the chromosomes (23 in humans)
Term
Chromosomes
Definition
chromatids put together with a centromere, humans have 46
Term
Diploid
Definition
a cell with two of each chromosome, diploid is a ADJECTIVE! DO NOT USE IT AS A NOUN!
Term
Haploid
Definition
a cell with only one of each chromosome, also only and ADJECTIVE!
Term
Zygote
Definition
a fertilized egg. After the single cell multiplies, it is no longer a zygote
Term
Fertilization
Definition
the proxess when two gametes meet to form a zygote
Term

A Flow Chart To Help

Definition

Parent A                                                               Parent B
(diploid)                                                                (diploid)

      ↓                     46 chromosomes                          

ovary                                                                    testicle

      ↓                                                                              

meiosis                                                                meiosis

      ↓                                                                              

4 sex cells                                                     4 sex cells

(gametes)                                                     (gametes)                                        

      ↓                                                                             

egg                                                                       sperm

haploid                                                                haploid

23 chromosomes                            23 chromosomes

                               ↓                         

                                  Fertilization 

                                forms a zygote

                               (new organism)

                                    Diploid

                        46 chromosomes (23 x 2)      

  

                      mitosis = organism growth              

Term
Homologous Pairs
Definition

Two chromosomes that are the same but different type (one #1 from dad another #1 from mom)

 

Not the same as sister chromatids, i was confused too

Term
Sister Cromatids
Definition
the cromatids that form a chromosome
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