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MIST mid-term
ch 2 vocab
33
Business
10th Grade
10/07/2008

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Term
information technology
Definition
consists of 3 basic categories- hardware, software, and networks
Term
hardware
Definition
electronic and mechanical components that you can see and touch, such as your computer monitor
Term
software
Definition
set of instructions that direct the hardware
Term
network
Definition
technology increases the power of IT devices by allowing knowledge workers to share resources, including hardware, software, and info
Term
processing
Definition
directs execution of instructions and the transformation of data
Term
memory
Definition
temporarily stores data and instructions before processing
Term
input
Definition
provides the interface used for data entry into a device
Term
output
Definition
provides the interface used to retrieve information from a device
Term
storage
Definition
stores data, information, and instructions for the long term
Term
communications
Definition
connects one IT device to another
Term
transistor
Definition
an electronic switch that can be either on (1) or off (0)
Term
microprocessor
Definition
tiny chip made up of transistors, contains most components that make up CPU
Term
central processing unit CPU
Definition
works together with memory to control the execution of all instructions and the processing of all data (brain)
Term
clock speed
Definition
most important measure of CPU performance, (megahertz and gigahertz)
Term
Read Only Memory (ROM)
Definition
contains instructions and data that only special devices alter
Term
Random Access Memory (RAM)
Definition
stores data only until they are no longer needed, or until you shut down the computer
Term
Ergonomics
Definition
science of designing a job or tool to fit the worker, keeping worker safer and more productive
Term
output devices
Definition
convert IT processed info into a form usable by knowledge workers
Term
Liquid Crystal Displays (LCD)
Definition
slimmer, lighter and consume less power than CRT's
Term
controller
Definition
a device that controls the transfer of data between a computer and a peripheral device, such as a printer
Term
network interface card (NIC)
Definition
communications hardware that provides the physical connection between a computer and a local network
Term
modems
Definition
allow you to connect to a remote network over a telecommunications line, such as telephone
Term
firmware
Definition
instinctual or built-in instructions
Term
system software
Definition
any software required to control the hardware components and to support the execution of application software
Term
operating system (OS) software
Definition
coordinates and handles the details of working with the computer hardware
Term
utility software
Definition
provides additional tools that you can use to maintain and service your system
Term
firewall
Definition
application helps guard your computer against unauthorized access when connected to a network
Term
OS software two main tasks
Definition
Managing the hardware and software resources of the computer. 2 provide a stable and consistent interface between application programs and hardware
Term
application software
Definition
complete self-contained program or set of programs performing a specific job
Term
Local Area Network (LAN)
Definition
confined to relatively small geographic area
Term
Wide Area Network (WAN)
Definition
connect computer that cover entire regions, countries, and even overseas
Term
protocol
Definition
standard set of rules that allows the communication of data between nodes on a network
Term
Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Definition
AOL, earthlink, netzero,purchase the expensive equipment needed to connect to the internet
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