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Minerals definitions
Definitions
29
Science
9th Grade
10/10/2011

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Term
Inorganic
Definition
Not organic, thus not part of a life form or made by a living thing or former life forms
Term
Crystal structure
Definition
The pattern or arrangement of atoms that characterize each material, also known as atomic structure
Term
Luster
Definition
The shine from an unweathered minerals surface, or the way a mineral looks in unreflected light
Term
Hardness
Definition
The scratch ability of a mineral, how easy it breaks
Term
Cleavage
Definition
The tendency of a mineral to brake along the zones of weakness and form smooth to semi smooth parallel lines
Term
Fracture
Definition
The way in which a mineral breaks producing an uneven breaking surface
Term
Crystal shape
Definition
The outward 3d shape or geometric shape of a mineral specimen that reflects the internal atomic structure (crystal form)
Term
Streak
Definition
The color of any finely crushed residue or powder of an mineral
Term
Texture
Definition
The roughness or smoothness of a surface
Term
Mineral crystals
Definition
An individual grain of the mineral crystals
Term
Sedimentary rocks
Definition
Rocks that can from directly from sediments deposited near earths surface by the process of cementation, precipitation or minerals, loss of water and compaction
Term
Clastic sedimentary rocks
Definition
Rocks that are largely composed of solid sediments, like sand in sandstone
Term
Chemical sedimentary rocks (evaporites)
Definition
A rock composed of interconnected crystals or just one mineral that formed by evaporation and/or precipitation or dissolved minerals
Term
Precipitation of minerals
Definition
A type of sediment deposition in which dissolved minerals come out of solution to form solids as in the formation of chemical sedimentary rocks
Term
Organic
Definition
And earthy material at was composed of and/or was formed by life forms
Term
Bioclastic sedimentary rock
Definition
Any rock made by living organisms or mostly composed of materials from life forms, called organic sedimentary
Term
Fossil
Definition
Any physical evidence of form life, direct or indirect
Term
Igneous rock
Definition
A rock formed when natural, molten rock forming (magma or lava) cools and turns into a solid-above or below the earths surface
Term
Magma
Definition
Liquid rock between the earths solid surface q
Term
Intrusive (plutonic) igneous rock
Definition
Formed when magma solidifys below the earths surface
Term
Extrusive igneous rock
Definition
Formed when. Lava solidifies on or above the earths surface
Term
Metamorphic rock
Definition
Rocks that form from changes in previously existing rocks due to hea, pressure, and or mineral fluids without weathering/melting
Term
Metamorphism
Definition
The process of forming metamorphic rocks
Term
Foliation
Definition
Texture of a metamorphic rock caused by the layering of mineral crystals
Term
Contact metamorphism
Definition
When old metamorphic rocks contacts with magma or lava and alter the older rock
Term
Regional metamorphism
Definition
Process of forming large metamorphic rocks due to an increase in pressure and temperature
Term
Mineral
Definition
A naturally occurring, crystalline solid having a somewhat definite chemical composition and physical and chemical properties
Term
Mineral resources
Definition
Earth materials that people need, including mineral rocks and fossil fuels
Term
Rock cycle
Definition
A model of internal relationships of the different rock types
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