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MICT 2012
Exam #5 drugs
33
Pharmacology
Professional
02/14/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Class

Definition

CLASSES                                                      Electrolyte

                                                                        Positive inotropic agent

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Actions

Definition

ACTIONS                                                      Facilitates actin-myosin interaction in cardiac                                                                                                                                                 muscle and smooth muscle of tunica media

                                                                        Establishes electrical gradient to move K+ from                                                                                                                                                 plasma to cell in hyperkalemia

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Indications

Definition

INDICATIONS                                        Acute hyperkalemia in pts needing hemodialysis                                   

                                                                        Hypotension from calcium channel blocker toxicity

                                                                        Wide QRS complex rhythms in hyperkalemia

                                                                        Magnesium Sulfate overdose

                                                                        Hypocalcemia

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Dosage/ Route

Definition

DOSAGE/ROUTE                                    See Hawaii S.O. for Renal Dialysis Cardiac Arrest

                                                                        In conscious patient, administer slowly ~ 1 ml/min.                  

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Standard Prep

Definition

STANDARD PREP                                    1 gm/10 ml 

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Side effects

Definition

SIDE EFFECTS                                                      May precipitate dig toxicity

                                                                        Cardiac arrhythmias

                                                                        May cause ventricular standstill in beating heart

                                                                        Metallic taste

                                                                        May cause pain or burning at IV site

Term


CALCIUM CHLORIDE

Precautions

Definition

PRECAUTIONS                                    Monitor VS and EKG

                                                                        Do not mix with sodium bicarbonate without                                                                                                                                                 flushing the line first since precipitate may form

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Class

Definition

CLASS                                    Narcotic Analgesic (Schedule II)

 

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Action

Definition

ACTION                                    CNS Depressant, Binds to opiate receptors producing analgesia and euphoria

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Indication

Definition

INDICATION                                                      pain

                                                                        maintenance of analgesia and adjunct to RSI

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Dosage/ Route

Definition

DOSAGE/ROUTE                                    50 – 100 mcg/dose (0.05 – 0.1 mg) IM or IV/IO (slow 1-2 min)

                                          max. dose 150 mcg (0.15 mg)

                                               Onset: Immediate                  Peak: 3-5 min (IV)                  Duration: 30-60 min

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Peds Dose

 

Definition

PEDS DOSE                                                      1 – 2 mcg/kg IM or IV/IO (slow 1-2 min) [Need to contact BSP]

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Contraindication

Definition

CONTRAINDICATION                                    Hypersensitivity

                                                                                          Shock

                                                                                          Severe Hemorrhage

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Side effects

Definition

SIDE EFFECTS                                                      Respiratory depression

                                                                        Hypotension

                                                                        Bradycardia

                                                                        AMS

                                                                        N/V

                                                                        Dizziness

                                                      

Term

FENTANYL CITRATE

(SUBLIMAZE)

Precaution

Definition

PRECAUTION                                                      Use with caution in patients with traumatic brain injury

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Class 

Definition

CLASS                                    Narcotic (opiate) analgesic

                                    (Controlled Substance Schedule II)

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Actions 

Definition

ACTIONS                                    Analgesic

                                                      Reduces preload (increases venous capacitance) and reduces                                                                                                             afterload (systemic vascular resistance) and decreases myocardial                                                                                           oxygen demand by reducing intramyocardial wall tension in pulmonary                                                                                           edema.  Preload is reduced more effectively than afterload.

Term

Morphine Sulfate 

Indications

Definition

INDICATIONS                                    Pain of AMI, burns, kidney stones, isolated extremity fractures

                                                                        Acute pulmonary edema

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Dosage/ Route 

Definition

DOSAGE/ROUTE                                    See Hawaii  S.O.

                                                                        Can be given IM if this route is ordered.

 

Term

Morphine Sulfate 

Standard Prep

Definition

STANDARD PREP                                     10 mg/cc tubex

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Peds Dose 

Definition

PEDS DOSE                                                      0.1 mg/kg/dose SLOW IV (Dose not to exceed adult doses)

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Contraindications 

Definition

CONTRAINDICATIONS                                    Allergies to opiates

                                                                                          Hypovolemia/hypotension/shock

                                                                                          Head injury with increased ICP when it can mask                                                                                                                               neurological deterioration (Same for CVA patient)

                                                                                          Diminished LOC, coma

                                                                                          Abdominal pain, unknown etiology

                                                                                          Bronchial asthma

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Side effects 

Definition

SIDE EFFECTS                                                      Respiratory depression                                   

                                                                        Hypotension (pronounced in geriatrics, peds, debilitated pts.)

                                                                        Decreased mental status                 

                                                                        Bradycardia (rare)                 

                                                   Bronchospasm (rare)

                                                      N/V

                                                      Euphoria

Term

Morphine Sulfate

Precautions 

Definition

PRECAUTIONS                                    Have resuscitation equipment & narcan available                                                                                                                              Monitor VS, EKG, mental status

                                                                        Resp depression occurs before pt is aware of it

                                                                        Potentiates action of ETOH & CNS depressants
                                                                        Titrate to pt's decreased sensation of pain, not abolishment of pain                 

                                                                        May worsen bradycardia or heart block in Inferior MI (vagotonic effect)

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Class

Definition

CLASS                                    alkalinizing agent

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate Actions

Definition

ACTION                                      Binds with H+ ions to form water & carbon dioxide, & with CO2 excreted by the

                                        lungs decreases the acidity of the blood

                                                          Cause potassium to shift into cells

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Indications

Definition

INDICATIONS                                     Patients with known preexisting metabolic acidosis (DKA) IIa

                                                                          Hyperkalemia I

                                                                          Tricyclic anitdepressant overdose IIa

                                                                         Phenobarbital overdose

                                                                        Alkalinize the urine in drug O.D.'s IIa

                                                                         After protracted arrests/long resuscitation IIb

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Dosage/ Route

Definition

DOSAGE/ROUTE                                    See Hawaii S.O. & Follow ACLS Algorithm (TCA O.D.)

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Standard Prep

Definition

STANDARD PREP                  50 mEq/50 cc preloaded syringe

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Peds Dose

Definition

PEDS DOSE                                                      See Hawaii S.O. & PALS Algorithm

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Contraindication

Definition

CONTRAINIDICATION                  Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Side Effects

Definition

SIDE EFFECTS                                    Paradoxical intracellular/tissue acidosis due to                   CO2 generation &    

                                       inadequate ventilations to rid CO2 which readily diffuses across cell

                                       membranes 

                                                                        Hypernatremia from large sodium load

                                                                        Hyperosmolarity from large sodium load

                                                                        May shift oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve to the left which                                                                                                             causes a decrease in the release of O2 by hgb to the tissues

                                                                        Metabolic alkalosis

Term


 Sodium Bicarbonate

Precautions

Definition

PRECAUTIONS                                    Dosing should ideally be governed by ABG values

                                                                        Bicarbonate therapy should be considered only after                                                                                                                               defib., CPR, ETT, ventilation, & trial of epinephrine

                                                                          Overly aggressive field use may result in metabolic alkalosis

                                                                          DO NOT MIX WITH CALCIUM CHLORIDE! Precipitates in line if not                                                                                           flushed well. 

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