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Microbiology
drew
38
Medical
Graduate
04/09/2009

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Term
Teichoic acids
Definition
Gram positive bacteria use teichoic acid to concentrate metal ions from their environment
Term
Cross resistance
Definition
implies that a single mechanism is involved in resistance to multiple antibiotics
Term
Lysogenic conversion
Definition
is the change in the phenotype of a bacterial cell as a consequence of infection and lysogenization with a bacteriophage.
Term
Most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in US
Definition
Campylobacter
Term
Drug of choice for brucella, yersinia and francisella
Definition
Streptomycin is best, followed by tetracycline. Penicillin often does not work esp. w francisella
Term
Strict Anaerobes
Definition
Actinomyces. Bacteroides and Clostridium.
ABC's
Term
Diseases transmitted by ticks
Definition
Lyme Disease,
Relapsing fever,
ulceroglandular tularemia,
more?
Term
Diplococci
Definition
Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Neisseria,
Moraxella catarrhalis
Term
Coccobacilli
Definition
Yersinia,
Brucella,
Rickettsiae,
Acinetobacter,
Haemophilus influenza (Gr(-) coccobacilli),
Bordetella,
Term
Curved
Definition
Vibrio cholerae,
Campylobacter
Term
Catalase (+)
Definition
Staphylococci,
Listeria monocytogenes (Differentiate from streptococci),
Lactobacillus
Term
Oxidase(+)
Definition
Pseudomonas aeruginosa,
Neisseria,
Term
Lactose Fermenters (pink colonies on MacConkey agar)
Definition
E. coli,
Klebsiella,
Enterobacter,
Term
Urease
Definition
Helicobacter pylori,
Ureaplasma urealyticum,
Proteus, Klebsiella
Term
H2S Gas production
Definition
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae,
Salmonella,
Term
Spores
Definition
Clostridium,
Bacillus,
Term
Unique Diagnostic Amplification
Definition
Chlamydia trachomatis,
Bartonella,
Term
Cat scratch disease
Definition
Bartonella henselae or clarridgeiae
Term
Q fever
Definition
Coxiella burnetti,
like other rickettsial diseases but without the rash and causes atypical pneumonia and hepatitis
Term
Acid-Fast
Definition
Nocardia,
Mycobacteria
Term
Flagellum
Definition
Vibrio cholera,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Term
Motile ??
Definition
Enterobacter,
Campylobacter, Helicobacter,
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Term
pili
Definition
E. coli,
ETEC,
Neisseria spp.,
Term
Capsule
Definition
Streptococcus pneumoniae,
Klebsiella,
Neisseria meningitidis,
H. influenza (polysaccharide)
Term
Enterotoxin (causes – diarrhea)
Definition
Staph aureus (five (a-e)),
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC),
• heat-labile toxin, (LT)-related to cholera toxin
• heat-stable enterotoxin, (ST)- activates GC  ↑cyclic GMP  ↑fluid, electrolyte secr.
Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC)
• two toxins: Shiga-like toxin 1 and Shiga-like toxin 2
Vibrio cholera,
Shigella
Term
Causes bloody diarrhea
Definition
Term
causes watery diarrhea
Definition
Term
Exotoxins
Definition
Term
Obligate intracellular
Definition
Rickettsia, Chlamydia
Term
SKIN ULCER/INFECTION
Bacteria
Definition
 Treponema pallidum (syphilis)
 Bacillus anthracis (lesion not on genitals)
 S. aureus
 Beta hemolytic strep
 Bartonella henselae (Cat scratch)
 Francisella tularensis (Tularemia, rabbit fever)
 Mycobacterium marinum (fresh water)
Mycobacterium fortuitum and M. chelonei/abscessus (rapid growers)
Term
HACEK
Definition
acronym for organisms. Causes endocarditis.
Term
Associated with reptiles
Definition
Salmonella
Term
Associated w animal bites. Esp canine
Definition
Pasturella
Term
Gram + rods
Definition
Aer: (List, Coryne, Erysp, Baccilus, Lactobacillus, Nocardia); Anaer: (Clostridium, Actinomyces)
Term
“Coccoid” rods gram (-)
Definition
Pasteurella––animal bites,
Brucella––brucellosis,
Bordetella pertussis,
H. influenza
Term
Obligate aerobes
Definition
Nocardia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Bacillus. Nagging pests must breath
Term
Facultative intracellular
Definition
Salmonella, Neisseria, Brucella, Mycobacterium, Listeria, Francisella, Legionella, Yersinia. Some Nasty Bugs May Live FacultativeLY
Term
Strep pneumoniae is the most common cause of what
Definition
MOPS
Meningitis, Otitis, pneumonia, sinusitus
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