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Micro
Ch.3
32
Microbiology
Undergraduate 3
05/03/2013

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Five basic techniques
Definition
Inoculation
Incubation
Isolation
Inspection
Identification
Term
Inoculation
Definition
Small amount is introduced to a growth medium. Ex. throat swab
Term
Incubation
Definition
Temperature controlled environment to allow multiplication and growth.
Term
Isolation
Definition
Separating a single bacteria cells and providing growth media.
Term
Liquid Media
Definition
Water-based that do not solidify at above freezing temps. (Broths, milks, or infusions)
Term
Semisolid media
Definition
Clot-like consistency. Used to determine motility.
Term
Solid media
Definition
Firm surface @ room temp.
Term
Liquefiable solid media
Definition
Liquid at higher temps. (Agar)
Term
Non-liquefiable solid media
Definition
Always solid. Rice grains, cooked meat, potato slices.
Term
Synthetic Media
Definition
Chemically defined. Pure organic & inorganic substances.
Term
Complex (non-synthetic) Media
Definition
Not chemically defined. Include items which are not specifically known, usually animal or plant extracts (blood agar).
Term
General purpose Media
Definition
Grow a broad spectrum. Contains wide variety of nutrients. (Ex: TSA)
Term
Enriched Media
Definition
Grow fastidious microbes "picky eaters". Contains complex organic substances such as blood & growth factors. (Blood Agar)
Term
Selective Media
Definition
Allow growth of certain groups of microbes & inhibit other. (EX: PEA)
Term
Differential Media
Definition
Display differences between organisms. Usually by size, shape, or color. (EX: MS, MacConkey, EMB)
Term
Inspection
Definition
Organism is transferred to a slide, usually stained, then viewed. Note cell size, shape, arrangement, and internal & external structure.
Term
Identification
Definition
Studying aspects of a known or unknown organism. Bergey's manual is used.
Term
Magnification
Definition
Ocular & objective
Term
Objective lens
Definition
Forms the real image. Light passes around or through.
Term
Ocular lens
Definition
Forms virtual image. Further magnifies into the one we look into.
Term
Total power of magnification
Definition
Ocular x Objective
Term
Resolution
Definition
Ability to distinguish two adjacent objects or points from one another. Increased mag, decreased resolution.
Term
Visible Light microscopes
Definition
Use visible light. Bright-field, Dark-field, phase-contrast, and fluorescence.
Term
Bright-field Microscope
Definition
Light is transmitted through the specimen. Specimen is darker than the surrounding field. Live, unstained specimens & preserved, stained specimens.
Term
Dark-field Microscope
Definition
Adding a stop disc to the condensor. Light goes around specimen. Effective for living cells. Does not allow vision of fine internal details.
Term
Phase-contrast Microscope
Definition
Transforms changes in light waves passing through a specimen into difference in light intensity. In live, unstained cells you can see intracellular structures (spores, granules).
Term
Fluorescence Microscope
Definition
UV radiation source and a filter. Used w/ dyes. Used in diagnosing infections caused by specific pathogens using fluorescent antibodies.
Term
Electron Microscope
Definition
Forms image w/ beams of electrons. Magnification is extremely high. View finest structure of cells & viruses.
Term
Gram Stain
Definition
Universal diagnostic stain. Developed by Hans Christian Gram in 1884. Purple (+) Red/Pink (-)
Term
Acid-Fast Stain
Definition
Diagnostic stain. Pink (+ acid fast) Blue (- not acid fast)
Term
Endospore Stain
Definition
Dye is forced by heat into resistant bodies called spores.
Term
Special Stains
Definition
Used to emphasize certain cell parts that aren't revealed by conventional staining. (Capsule staining & flagellar stain)
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