Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Micro Exam 4
Micro Exam 4 Cram
54
Medical
Professional
11/11/2009

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
 List organisms associated with recurrent complicated UTI.
Definition
  • Enterobacter sp.
  • Klebsiella sp.
  • Proteus sp.
  • Pseudomonas sp.
Term
List organisms that are considered normal flora of the female genital tract.
Definition
  • CNS - Coag Negative Staph
  • Streptococcus viridans
  • Nonhemolytic Streptococcus
  • Lactobacillus acidophilus
  • Nonpathogenic Neisseria sp.
  • Anaerobic cocci
  • Anaerobic Gram-negative bacilli
  • Commensalistic Mycoplasam sp.
Term
True or False:  Urine inside the body is not sterile.
Definition
False!!!
Term
What urine specimen is best for urine culture?
Definition
First Morning Specimen
Term
List some possible urinary contaminants?
Definition

vaginal, skin, and fecal organisms

 

Term
List some acceptable Urine specimens.
Definition
  • Clean Catch Midstream
  • in/out Catheterized specimen
  • Suprapubic Aspirates
  • Cytoscopy Specimen
Term
What is a suprapubic aspirate and what type of bacterial culture is it suitable for?
Definition
Suprapubic aspirate - needle insertion through abdominal wall into bladder to obtain urine; suitable for anaerobic bacterial culture
Term
List some unacceptable urinary specimens.
Definition
  • Urine from foley catheter
  • 24hr urine specimen
  • Specimen unrefrigerated for more than 2hrs
Term
When culturing anaerobic organisms, what is the only acceptable urine specimen?
Definition
Suprapubic aspirate
Term

What is the conversion factor between

μL and mL?

Definition
1mL=1000μL
Term
What organism is the causative agent of Syphilis?
Definition
Treponema pallidum
Term
The characteristic lesion of Syphilis
Definition
Chancre
Term
The characteristic lesion of a Haemophilus ducreyi infection
Definition
Chancroid
Term
True or False:  Yeast are considered normal flora of the female genital tract.
Definition
False!!!
Term
Which organism is described as having darting "shooting star" motility?
Definition
Vibrio cholerae
Term
Define halophilic.
Definition
Salt requiring or salt loving organisms
Term
Most Vibrio sp. are halophilic.  Which organisms are the 2 exceptions?
Definition

Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio mimicus

Term
A 24 yr. old female presents with severe abdominal cramping and watery diarrhea.  She states that she ate raw oysters at a restaurant the previous night.  What is the most likely causative organism?
Definition
Vibrio parahemolyticus
Term
Staphylococcus aureus is a common inhabitant of which regions of the body?
Definition
  • skin
  • mucous membranes
Term
Which diseases may be caused by Staphylococcus aureus?
Definition
  • Folliculitis
  • Furuncle
  • Carbuncle
  • Impetigo
  • Cellulitis
  • Necrotizing Fasciitis
Term
Another name for Streptococcus pyogenes
Definition
Group A Streptococcus
Term
What diseases are caused by Group B Strep AKA Streptococci agalactiae?
Definition
  • Meningitis in infants
  • Conjunctivitis
Term
What is the #1 community acquired pneumonia?
Definition
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Term
What organism is the cause of "walking pneumonia"?
Definition
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Term
What is the major symptom that differentiates Pneumonia infections caused by Mycoplasma bacterium pneumoniae and Streptococcus pneumoniae?
Definition
  • S. pneumoniae has a productive cough
  • M. pneumoniae has a nonproductive cough
Term
What is the microscopic morphology and Gram stain reaction for both Neisseria sp. and Moraxella sp.?
Definition
Gram Negative Diplococci
Term
What are 2 methods for differentiating between Moraxella sp. and Neisseria sp.?
Definition
  • Neisseria is DNase negative and Moraxella is DNase positive
  • Neisseria is saccharolytic and Moraxella is nonsaccharolytic.
Term
Where is Streptococcus viridans considered normal flora?
Definition
Normal flora of the oral cavity
Term
What is a risk factor for obtaining a Streptococcus viridans infection?
Definition
dental work and procedures
Term
True or False:  Yersinia, Shigella, and Salmonella are NEVER considered normal flora of the GI tract.
Definition
TRUE!!!
Term
List organisms that cause gastroenteritis.
Definition
  • Campylobacter
  •  Bacillus sp.
  • Salmonella and Shigella
  • Yersinia
  • Normal Intestinal flora

 

Term
Which organism is considered normal flora, but may out grow Lactobacilli acidophilus after taking antibiotics resulting in diarrhea?
Definition
Clostridium difficile
Term
What normal flora may be destroyed with the use of antibiotics causing diarrhea?
Definition
Lactobacilli acidophilus
Term
What is the confirmatory test for Corynebacterium diphtheriae infection?
Definition
diphtheria toxin
Term
What diseases are caused by Helicobacter pylori?
Definition
  • gastritis
  • peptic ulcers
Term
Helicobacter is capable of causing gastritis and peptic ulcers in the GI tract.  How does this organism survive in the acidic environment of the stomach?
Definition
Through Urease production - an enzyme capable of breaking down uric acid
Term
What organism is described as having a Grape odor?
Definition
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Term
Describe Provetella and Porphyromonas sp. colony morphology on BAP.
Definition
BROWN - BLACK COLONIES
Term
What organisms are commonly associated with PID = Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
Definition
Provetella and Porphyromonas
Term
What types of food poisoning are caused by Bacillus cereus?
Definition
  • emetic food poisoning
  • diarrheal food poisoning
Term
What Salomonella sp. is not seen in the U.S.?
Definition
Salmonella cholerae
Term
What Salmonella sp. is most severe:  Salmonella typhi or Salmonella cholerae
Definition
Salmonella typhi
Term

Work up or not work up?

 

Urine with 1 organism with a colony count of 10^5.

Definition
Work up
Term

Work up or not work up?

 

Urine with 3 or more organisms with a colony count of more than 10^5.

Definition
Do not work up
Term

Work up or not work up?

 

Urine of symptomatic female with 1 organism and a colony count of 10^2.

Definition
Work up.
Term

Work up or not work up?

 

Suprapubic aspirate containing organisms

Definition
Work up
Term
List 4 organisms that are Gram negative bacilli and resistant to Vancomycin, Kanamycin, Colistin, Nitrate, and Bile.
Definition
  • Bacteroides
  • Fusobacterium
  • Provetella and Porphyromonas
Term
What is a transport medium for stool?
Definition
Carey-Blaire
Term
What is the confirmatory testing for both Salmonella and Shigella?
Definition
agglutination with antisera
Term
The most common STI in the US
Definition
Chlamydia trachomatis
Term
What amount of blood is needed for blood culture in adults?
Definition
10-20mL
Term
What amount of blood is necessary for blood culture in children?
Definition
1-5mL
Term
List the most common nonfermenters isolated in the clinical lab.
Definition

Acinetobacter

Pseudomonas

Stenotrophomonas

Term
Name 2 medias used to transport Neisseria.
Definition
  • Modified Stuart
  • Amies Charcoal
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