Term
| most biosynthesis requires nitrogen in the form of |
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Definition
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Term
| some bacteria meet their nitrogen needs by a process called _ which is reduction of _ to _ |
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Definition
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Term
| glycerol enters cell how? |
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Definition
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Term
covalent modification along with active transport is called _ _
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Definition
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Term
one bacterial system that does group translocation
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Definition
PEP:PTS phosphoenolpyruvate:phosphotransferase
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Term
PEP:PTS system is in one or both g- / g+ ?
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Definition
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Term
gram negative bacteria have a special transport system called _ _ _ which involves (3)
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Definition
binding protein transport
binding protein in the periplasm carries substance between transport proteins of outer and cytoplasmic membranes
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Term
binding protein transport occurs in g- g+ or both?
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Definition
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Term
| iron is a vital constituent of e.g. (2) bacterial molecules |
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Definition
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Term
| predominant aerobic form of iron. it is insoluble! |
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Definition
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Term
| people's iron binding protein in blood; in other body fluids |
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Definition
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Term
| siderophores are secreted. iron is retrieved from them by (2) |
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Definition
either --
translocation back into cytoplasm
or
bacterial cell surface proteins remove iron from siderophore
|
|
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Term
| some bacteria e.g. (2) do not have siderophores. instead, they get iron how? |
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Definition
neisseria
mycobacterium
outer membrane iron-binding proteins remove iron from transferrin
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|
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Term
bacterial inclusion bodies may include (4)
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Definition
glycogen
polyphosphate
sulfur
poly-beta-hydroxybutyric acid
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|
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Term
fermentation involves a terminal electron acceptor that is derived from
|
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Definition
the organic compound that was the primary electron donor
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Term
in fermentation, ATP is generated by...
|
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Definition
| substrate level phosphorylation |
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|
Term
some organisms (2 examples) generate ATP strictly by fermentation
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Definition
|
|
Term
in humans, production of ~ is similar to fermentation
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Definition
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Term
an example of an organic electron acceptor used in anaerobic respiration
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Definition
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Term
a test that indicates whether a bacterium can use oxygen for energy production with an electron transport chain. what does it test for?
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Definition
oxidase test
cytochrome c oxidase
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Term
cytochrome c oxidase does what?
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Definition
transfers electrons from cytochrome c to oxygen
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Term
an example of an oxidase negative bacterium
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Definition
|
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Term
| is cytochrome c oxidase found in anaerobes? |
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Definition
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Term
what organisms are the oxidase and modified oxidase tests used for (respectively)?
|
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Definition
gram-negative
gram-positive
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Term
during respiration, protons are extruded. How is the proton gradient is established by bacteria that do fermentation?
|
|
Definition
running ATP synthase backwards
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Term
|
Definition
aerobic respiration
anaerobic respiration
fermentation
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Term
fermentation is associated with _ _ phosphorylation for ATP generation
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Definition
|
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Term
oxygen-tolerant organisms require (2) enzymes
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|
Definition
superoxide dismutase
peroxidase(s)
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|
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Term
| superoxide dismutase what rxn? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
use various reducing agents to catalyze H2O2 --> H2O
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|
Term
there's a special type of peroxidase called _
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
a catalase-positive organism and 2 catalase-negative ones
|
|
Definition
Staphylococcus
streptococcus
enterococcus
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|
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Term
oxygen requirements & sensitivity of mycobacterium tuberculosis
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|
Definition
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|
Term
oxygen requirements & sensitivity of pseudomonas aeruginosa
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|
Definition
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|
Term
oxygen requirements & sensitivity of campylobacter jejuni
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|
Definition
microaerophile. (grows best with small amount of oxygen present)
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Term
oxygen requirements & sensitivity of e coli
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|
Definition
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|
Term
oxygen requirements & sensitivity of streptococcus
|
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Definition
|
|
Term
| both e coli and streptococcus are facultative anaerobes but what's the difference? |
|
Definition
| e coli can use oxygen if it's available; streptococcus can merely tolerate it |
|
|
Term
streptococcus does fermentation, aerobic or anaerobic respiration?
|
|
Definition
|
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Term
(besides facultative) two types of anaerobes
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Definition
obligate anaerobes (oxygen inhibits growth)
strict anaerobes (oxygen is lethal)
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Term
3 temperature classifications of bacteria for optimal growth
|
|
Definition
psychrophiles <20 C
mesophiles 20 C - 40 C
thermophiles >40 C
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Term
doubling time 2 extreme examples
|
|
Definition
clostridium perfringens >10 minutes
mycobacterium tuberculosis >20 hours
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|
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Term
4 phases of growth of a freshly inoculated culture (i.e., inoculated into a new environment)
|
|
Definition
lag
exponential growth
stationary
death
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
e coli flagella arrangement
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
quorum sensing definition
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|
Definition
regulation of gene expression based upon population density
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|
|
Term
quorum sensing is critical to the pathogenicity of _ _ which is an opportunistic pathogen of _ _ patients
|
|
Definition
pseudomonas aeruginosa
cystic fibrosis
|
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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