Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Michelangelo
Michelangelo for Academic Decathlon
76
Art History
8th Grade
02/23/2011

Additional Art History Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Full Name
Definition
Michelanglo di Lodovico Bunarroti Simoni
Term
Born
Definition
March 6, 1475 at Caprese
Term
Grammar school
Definition
1482 school of Francesco da Urbino
Term
Nickname in grammar school
Definition
“The Greek” due to the knowledge of that language
Term
Apprenticed
Definition
1488 Workshop of Domenico Ghirlandaio for three years (against the normal practice of the times, Michelangelo received a salary) Learned the technique of fresco painting
Term
Fresco
Definition
Painting done on plaster while it is still wet
Term
Santa Maria Novella
Definition
1490 worked (as part of Ghirlanaio’s workshop) on the decoration of the central chapel
Term
Medici Palace
Definition
1490 stayed with the Medici’s and studied the sculptures
Term
Lorenzo Medici
Definition
Impressed with Michelangelo took him in as an adoptive son. Michelangelo’s father was rewarded with a position at the Florentine customs for this arrangement.
Term
Medici Family
Definition
A political dynasty, banking family and later royal house that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de’ Medici in the republic of Florence during the late 14th century. Lorenzo died in 1492
Following his death the following years were marked with bankruptcy and fall of the Medici’s
Term
Arca(Arc) of San Domenico
Definition
Michelangelo went to Balogna and executed several marble statuettes for the church of Arca San Domenico in 1495 and 1495
Term
Sleeping Cupid
Definition
Made in 1496 after returning to Florence
Term
Cardinal San Giorgio
Definition
Invited Michelangelo to move to Rome
Term
Bacchus
Definition
A statue Michelangelo made in Rome in 1496
Term
Pieta
Definition
1498 signed a contract with Cardinal San Diogini with the backing of Jacopo Galli
Completed the Pieta in 1499 and it was placed in St Petronilla Chapel, in the 18th century it was moved to its present location.
Term
Pope Julius II
Definition
Commission to make Pope Julius’s tomb in 1505. The initial project included 40 statues. The pope died in 1513. The tomb’s size was reduced and a new contract was drawn in 1513 between Michelangelo and the heirs of the pope.
Term
San Pietro in Vincoli
Saint Peter in Chains
Definition
Final tomb for Pope Julius II carried out under Michelangelo’s supervision in 1545. He was 70 and spent almost 40yrs working on the tomb
Term
Holy Family
Definition
Known as the Doni Tondo, commissioned by Angelo Doni now hangs in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence.
Term
Hercules and Caucus
Definition
Was to be placed beside the statue of David in Piazzi Signoria. Michelangelo completed a model which is now in the Casa Bunonarroti. Eventually a Hercules was finished and sold to an admirer who transferred it to Fontainebleau. The statue is now lost. The statue that now stands in Piazza Signoria is by Baccio Bandinelli who used the marble set aside for Michelangelo
Term
Sistine Chapel
Definition
May 10 1508, Depiction of Creation on the ceiling.
Painted in fresco finished on October 31, 1521. Michelangelo was only 37 upon its completion but was regarded as a master
Term
Trompe l’oeil
Definition
The shallow barrel ceiling is divided up into alternating small and large and small architectural panels. This painting technique is used to create the illusion of architecture and ‘tricks the eye’, (it’s meaning in French)
Term
Smaller panels
Definition
Is surrounded by four figures of nude youths
• Ignudi- seated on architectural frame and do not take part in the histories
• Prophets and Sibyls
• Figures of the Ancestors of Christ
Term
Histories of the ceiling
Definition
Begin over the alter and work away from it
• First scene – God alone and the act of creation
• The story continues through the rest of creation
• To the fall of man
• Then progresses toward the Flood and the
• Drunkenness of Noah
Term
Madonna and Child
Definition
Executed for Bartolomeo Pitti, now at the Museo Mazionale del Bargello, in Florence
Term
Old Testament Prophets
Definition
Painted below the histories on the ceiling and foretold of the coming of Christ
Term
Salvation
Definition
The four corners of the ceiling are painted with scenes from the old testament representing Salvation
Term
Prophet Jonah
Definition
Painted above the alter, since the three days he spent inside the whale were believed to refigure the Resurrection.
Term
Ancestors of Christ
Definition
Painted on the lowest part of the ceiling – and very freely painted
Term
Julius II died
Definition
February 20, 1513
He was followed by a Medici Pope, Leon X
Term
Pope Leon X
Definition
Giovanni de’ Medici became pope after Julius II died, the younger son of Lorenzo the Magnificent, had known Michelangelo since boyhood.
Term
Pope Clement VII
Definition
Another Medici, Giovanni was elected to pope
Term
Pope Adrian VI
Definition
Interrupted the work of the Medici chapels
Term
Church of San Lorenzo
Definition
Medici family church in Florence, Michelangelo was commissioned to design the façade. Only four blocks of marble reached Florence due to problems with bad roads and overlords of Carrara.
In 1520 the project was taken from Michelangelo and all work was abandoned. Up to this date the church remains without a façade.
Term
David
Definition
17 feet tall
6 tons of Marble
The marble given up as lost, was badly begun by Antonio Rossellino
Michelangelo promised to deliver David in 2yrs
Began in September 1, and finished in April 1504
Initially placed in Palazzo Veccio
Term
Florence Cathedral
Definition
The statue of David was originally commissioned as one of the statues of prophets to be positioned along the roofline. The statue was instead placed in public square of Palazzo della Signoria, the seat of civic government in Florence. David’s eyes with a warning glare were turned toward Rome.
Term
Academia Gallery, Florence
Definition
1873 to protect the David from damage it was moved into the museum. A replica was placed in the Piazza della Signoria in 1910.
Term
Council Hall, in Palazzo Vecchio
Definition
1504 Michelangelo was commissioned by Pier Doderini to paint a fresco opposite of one by Leonardo do Vinci. His subject was the ‘Battle of Cascina’. The fresco represents Florentine troops surprised by enemy troops while bathing in the River, so it became known as ‘The Bathers’. Work was interrupted when Pope Julius called him to Rome in March 1505.
Term
Pope Julius Tomb
Definition
Interrupted the Council hall in Florence to call Michelangelo to Rome and commission him to work on his tomb
Term
The Madonna of the Stairs
Definition
1490 - 92 marble the earliest surviving work of Michelangelo. A bas-relief.
Completed while staying with the Medici’s as a young teen. Was likely a style he picked up after seeing the cameos and Donatello’s rilievo schiacciato (low relief) at the Medici household.
Now housed in the Casa Buonarroti in Florence
Term
Battle of the Lapiths and the Centaurs
Definition
C 1492 is hailed as the most advanced figure composition of its time. Centaurs was completed by Michelangelo by the time he was just 16 years old while living with the Medici’s. Now housed in the Casa Buonarroti in Florence
Term
Bas-relief
Definition
A sculpture of shallow depth on a flat surface
Term
Doni Madonna Tondo
Definition
c. 1503 created to celebrate Florentine weaver Agnolo Doni’s wedding. Painted in tempers on wood and resin (diameter 47 ½ inches)
Now housed in the Galleria Uffizi, Florence
Doni in Italian means “gifts”. Mary and Joseph seem to be presenting the child as a gift to the world.
Term
Tondi
Definition
Meaning round were popularized in Florence and symbolized marriage
Term
statue of Christ
Definition
1514 a statue was commissioned and should have been done in 4 years. Michelangelo abandoned the work halfway through because of defective marble. He tried to fulfill the commission years later with another block of marble, but it was completed by another hand in 1521
Term
Medici Chapels
Definition
1520 Michelangelo began work and was to build a “New Sacristy”, where four of the Medici were to be buried. Giuliano and Lorenzo de’ Medici set over their tombs. symbolizing the Active and Contemplative Life above the symbols of Time and Mortality. (Day and Night, Dawn and Evening)
Term
Laurentian Library
Definition
1524 the same year Michelangelo resumed work on the Medici Chapel he was commissioned to build the Library in the cloister of San Lorenzo
Together with the Medici Chapel the library is considered as a turning-point in architectural history.
Term
Pieta
Definition
1498 – 1499 signed a contract with French Cardinal Jean di Billheres call Called San Diogini by the Italians and the backing of Jacopo Gallo.
Term
Signed Pieta
Definition
Michelangleo heard the pieta credited to Christoforo Solari of Milan, and shut himself into the chapel and engraved his name across the sash MICHAELA[N]GELUS BONAROTUS FLORENTIN[US] FACIBA[T] (Michelangelo Buonarroti, Florentine, made this)
He later regretted his outburst of pride and swore to never sign another work
Completed in 1499 it was placed in the St. Petronilla Chapel
In the 18th Century it was moved to its present location in St. Peters Basilica in Vatican City
Term
Mary’s Youth criticized in Pieta
Definition
Michelangelo claimed that chaste women maintain their freshness far longer than the unchaste. And how much more would this be in the case with a virgin, an unsullied bloom of youth.
Term
1534
Definition
Following the death of his father and the pope Michelangelo left Florence, and settled in Rome
Term
1546
Definition
Became a Roman citizen
Term
Last Judgment
Definition
Commissioned to continue work in the Sistine chapel, and painted this on the alter wall. He fell from the scaffolding and hurt himself in January, but still finished the work in 1541. It was as much reviled as it was praised.
Term
Mannerism
Definition
An artistic style focused on the human form, in intricate poses in exaggerated, not always realistic settings. Developed in Florence and Rome between 1520 and 1600 paintings contained artificial color and unrealistic proportions
Term
Pope Pius VI
Definition
He had the private parts of the Last Judgment covered by having Daniele de Cortona, nicknamed “the Breeches maker” paint drapery. The drapery was not removed during the restoration with John Paul II as pope.
Term
Pope Paul III
Definition
Commissioned two more frescoes for his private chapel, the Paoline chapel, started on 1542 and finished in 1550. The subjects are the Conversion of St. Paul and the Crucifixation of St. Peter
Term
1535
Definition
Michelangelo was made Supreme architect, sculptor and painter of the Apostolic Palace, attached the Papal household
Term
The Capitol
Definition
He remolded the surrounding buildings on the Capitoline hill, the civic and political center of Rome. Remodeling two of the palaces, notably the Palazzo dei Conservatori. Michelangelo came up with an original design for the square, including an intriguing ground pattern.
Term
Piazza (Capitol)
Definition
Characterized by an oval shape, and a series of lines on the ground made with stripes that lead to the centre. In the center is placed a statue of Emperor Marcus Aureoles, one of the few remaining examples of ancient Roman bronzes.
Term
The Cordonata
Definition
A monumental staircase leading from the bottom of the hill the new capitol square.
At the top of the staircase are statues of the Dioscuri (Castor and Pollux) holding their horses
Term
Poet and Writer
Definition
Michelangelo did not regard his written work highly, calling it “something foolish”
Term
1623
Definition
His poems were first published by his grand-nephew, also called Michelangelo
Term
Ralph Waldo Emerson (1803-1882)
Definition
An American philosopher who translated Michelangelo’s poems into English
Term
1546
Definition
Chief architect of the New St. Peter’s, he reinstated the previous design, and began planning the cupola
Term
November 10, 1549
Definition
Pope Paul III died and was succeeded in February 1550 by Julius III
Term
1554
Definition
He redesigned the Church of the Company of Jesuits (the Jesuits)commissioned by St. Ignatius
Term
March 22, 1555
Definition
Pope Julius III died of gout
Term
May 1557
Definition
Cosimo I, Ruler of Florence wrote to Michelangelo, and begin carving a third Pieta for his tomb. Not satisfied with his work, he broke the statue and gave the pieces away. It was eventually put together again and placed in the Museo dell Opera del Duomo
Term
Church of S. Giovanni dei Florentinie
Definition
1560 Michelangelo sent Cosimo I drawings and a clay model of which was constructed under his supervision.
Term
Resignation to the Pope
Definition
At 85 Michelangelo offer to the Pope was refused.
Term
Portia Pia
Definition
On 1561 the cornerstone of this building was laid, designed by him
Term
August 29, 1562
Definition
It was feared he had died following a seizure, but it proved a false alarm and he was soon on his feet again, 1563 he was reported to be in perfect condition.
Term
St Paul’s
Definition
Because of his age, envious colleagues succeeded in taking some of the project and risked making the building unstable. He told Pope Pius IV of the problem which he solved and had the incompetent architect removed
Term
1558
Definition
Palestrina Pieta for which very little information is known, possibly the work of another sculptor. It was sculpted in and ancient Roman marble and in the Rosalia Chapel in the Barberini di Palestrina Palace.
Term
Michelangelo died
Definition
At the age 89, February 18, 1564
His body was placed in the Church of the Holy Apostles in Rome, and 3 weeks later transported to Santa Croce in Florence. where a funeral service took place in the church of St. Lorenzo and the artist was placed in the church of Santa Croce
Term
Rondanini Pieta
Definition
He had been working until a few days before his death on this sculpture. A near abstract work in which Mother and Son merge, it is a world apart from his original Pieta done some 65years later. It is now in a Castle in Milan
Term
Bernini and Carlo Maderno
Definition
Continued Michelangelo's work on his last pieta and St. Peter’s
Supporting users have an ad free experience!