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mgmt308
mgmt308
56
Management
Undergraduate 3
02/18/2012

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Term
stakeholder interests
Definition
essentially, the nature of each group's stake.
Term
environmental analysis
Definition
is a method managers use to gather info about external issues and trends, so they can develop an organizational strategy that minimizes threats and takes advantage of new opportunities.
Term
iron law of responsiblity
Definition
says that in the long run those who do not use power in ways that society considers responsible will tend to lose it.
Term
corporate social responsiblity
Definition
means that a corporation should act in a way that enhances society and its inhabitants and be held accountable for any of its actions that affect people, their communities and their environment.
Term
corporate social responsiveness
Definition
social impact analysis strategic priority for social response organizational redesign and training for responsiveness and stakeholder mapping and implementatin.
Term
enlightened self interest
Definition
it is in a company's self interest in the long term to provide true value to its customers, to hel p its employees to grow and to behave responsibly as a global corporate citizen.
Term
arguments for corporate social responsiblity
Definition
balances corporate power wit hresponsiblity. Discourages govt regulation. Promotes long term profits for business. Improves business value and reputation. Corrects social problems casued by business.
Term
arguments against corporate social responsiblity
Definition
lowers economic efficiency and profit. Imposes unequal costs among competitors. Imposes hidden costs passed on to stakeholders. requires skills business may lack. Places responsibility on business rather than individuals.
Term
corporate power
Definition
refers to the capability of corporations to influence govt, economy and society based on their organizatinal resources.
Term
stwardship principle
Definition
believe they have an obligation to see that everyone particularly those in need or at risk-benefits from their firms' actions.
Term
ethics
Definition
a conception of right and wrong conduct.
Term
ethical relativism
Definition
holds that ethical prinicples should be defined by various periods of time in history, a society's traditions, the special circumstances of the moment or personal opinion. In this view the meaning given to ethics would be relative to time, place, circumstance and the person involved. No universal ethical standards.
Term
Business ethics
Definition
is the application of general ethical ideas to business behavior. It is not a special set of ethical ideas different from ethics in general and applicable only to business.
Term
US CORPORATE SENTENCING GUIDLEINES
Definition
provide a strong incentive for businesses to promote ethics at work. The sentencing guidelines come into play when an employee of a firm has been found guilty of criminal wrong doing and the firm is facing sentencing for the criminal act, since the firm is responsible for actions taken by its employees.
Term
what causes some ethics problems?
Definition
desire for personal gain, or even greed, causes some ethics problems.
Term
corporate culture
Definition
a blend of ideas,customs, traditional practices, company values and shared meanings that help define normal behavior for everyone who works in a company.
Term
ethical climate
Definition
what is and is not acceptable behavior.
Term
emloyee ethics training
Definition
most expensive and time consuming element of ethics program. Smaller firms often ignore ethics training; studies have shown that only 20-40% of such businesses offer it to their employees.
Term
ethics audit
Definition
either a hired outside consultant or an internal employee is required to note any deviations from the company's ethics standards and bring them to attention of the audit supervisor.
Term
US FOREIGN corrupt proactices act
Definition
prevents companies from paying bribes to foreign govt officials, political parties or political canidates. Requires US companies with foreign operations to adopt accounting practices that ensure full disclosure of the company's transactions.
Term
globalization
Definition
refers to the increasing movement of goods, services and capital across national borders. It is an ongoing series of interrelated events.
Term
ethical egoist
Definition
a manager or employee who puts his or her own self interest above all other considerations.
Term
altriuism
Definition
acting for the benefit of others when self interest is sacrificed-is seen to be sentimental or even irrational.
Term
conflict of interest
Definition
occurs when an individual's self interest conflicts with acting in the best interest of another, when the individual has an obligation to do so.
Term
mature adulthood
Definition
stage 6 universal principles; justice, fairness, universal human rights. Principle centered reasoning
Term
adulthood
Definition
society at large, customs, traditions, laws. Society-and law centered reasoning
Term
virtue ethics
Definition
focuses on character traits that a good person should possess, theorizing that moral values will direct the person toward good behavior.
Term
human rights
Definition
a person or group is entitled to something or is entitled to be treated in a certain way.
Term
foreign direct investment
Definition
occurs when a company, individual or fund invests money in another country for example, buying shares of stock in or lending money to a foreign firm.
Term
international financial and trade institutions
Definition
institutions, such as the world bank, international monetary fund, world trade organization, that establish the rules by which international commerce is conducted.
Term
international monetary fund
Definition
founded at the same time as the bank. Purpose is to make currency exchange easier for member countries tso they can participate in global trade.
Term
world trade organization
Definition
promote free trade, that is to eliminate barriers to trade among nations, such as quotas, duties, and tariffs.
Term
civil society
Definition
comprises nonprofit, educational religious, community, family and interest group organizations-that is social organizations that do not have a commercial or govt purpose.
Term
government organizations
Definition
concerned with such issues as environmental risk, labor practices, worker rights, community development, and human rights.
Term
constructive engagement
Definition
when transnatonal corporations operate according to strong moral principles and become a force for positive change in other nations where they operate.
Term
laborative partnerships
Definition
can draw on the unique capabilities of each and overcome particular weaknesses that each has.
Term
sustainable development
Definition
the need for balance between economic and environmental considerations.
Term
commons
Definition
is a shared resource, such as land, air or water that a group of people use collectively.
Term
carrying capacity
Definition
the world's resource base the air, water, soil, minerals and so forth is essentially finite or bounded.
Term
ecological footprint
Definition
refers to the amount of land and water a human population needs to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes, given previaling technology.
Term
montreal protocol
Definition
agreeing to cut CFC production , the agreement was later amended to ban CFCs, aong with several other ozone-depleting chemicals.
Term
kyoto protocol
Definition
require industrial countries to reduce greenhouse gas emissions more than 5% below 1990 levels, over a period of several years.
Term
life cycle analysis
Definition
involves collecting info on the lifelong environmental impact of a product, all the wy from extraction of raw material to manufacturing
Term
industry ecology
Definition
refers to designing factories and distribution systems as if they were self contained ecosystems.
Term
extended product responsiblity
Definition
refers to the idea that copanies have a continuing responsiblity for the environmental impact of their products or services, even after they are sold.
Term
carbon offsets
Definition
are investments in projects that remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
Term
EPA
Definition
created in 1970 to coordinate most of the govt's efforts to protect the environment.
Term
source reduction
Definition
a promising regulatory approach to waste management.
Term
Comprehensive environmental response, compensation and Liability act
Definition
ALSO KNOWN AS SUPERFUND. eSTABLISHED A FUND SUPPORTED PRIMARILY BY A TAX ON PETROLEUM AND CHEMICAL COMPANIES THAT WERE PRESUMED TO HAVE CREATED A DISPROPORTIONATE SHARE OF TOXIC WASTES.
Term
CAP AND TRADE
Definition
ALLOW BUSINESSES TO BUY AND SELL THE RIGHT TO POLLUTE.
Term
MARKET BASED MECHANISMS
Definition
THE IDEA TAHT THE market is a better control than extensive standards that specify precisely what companies must do.
Term
ecologically sustainable organization (ESO)
Definition
is a business that operates in a way that is consistent with the principle of sustainable development.
Term
environmental partnerships
Definition
draw on the unique strengths of the differnt partners to improve environmental quality or conserve resources.
Term
sustainability officer
Definition
often with a direct reporting relationship with the CEO. These invdivudals often supervise extensive staffs of specialists and coordiante the work of managers in many areas, including research and development, marketing and operations, whose work is related to a firm's sustainability mission.
Term
green marketing
Definition
creating green products and services and pitching them to enviornmentally aware customers.
Term
greenwashing
Definition
mislead consumers regarding the environmental benefits of a product or service.
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