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MGMT 105 test 1
ch. 1-4
50
Business
Undergraduate 1
02/07/2008

Additional Business Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
business
Definition
an organization that provides goods or services that are then sol to earn profits
Term
profits
Definition
the difference between a business's revenues and its expenses. the rewards owners get for risking their money and time
Term
consume choice and demand
Definition

the freedom of consumers to choose how to satisfy their wants and needs

 

the freedom of business owners to decide how to meet those wants and needs

Term
the benefits of business
Definition
emplloyment of works
Term
external environment
Definition

technological environment-register

political-legal environment- govonor

sociocultural environment- traditions

Term
economic systems
Definition

a nation's system for allocating its resources among its citizens, both individuals and organizations

 labor: human resouces

capital: financial resouces

entrpreneurs: persons who risk starting a business

physical resources: tangible thins used to conduct business: land, buildings

Term
planned economy
Definition
a centralized government controls all of most factors of production and makes all or most productiona dn allocation decisions for the economy
Term
commnism
Definition
karl marx: individuals would contribute according to thier abilities adn receive benefits according to their needs
Term
mixed market economy
Definition

US: socialism: the governement owns and operates select major industries such as banking and transportation. smaller businesses are privately owned.

 

peru: milk, health care

Term

demand

 

 

supply

Definition

the willingness and ability of buyers to purchase a product

 

the willingness and ability of producers to offer a good or service for sale

Term
laws of supply and demand
Definition

demand: buyers will purchase more of a product as its price drops and less as its price increases

 

supply: producers will offer more of a product for sale as its price rises and less when it drops

 

beannie babies, webkins VCR 600

Term
private enterprise system
Definition

hooters

 

allows indidivudals to pursue their own interests with minimal government restriction

Term
perfect competition
Definition

prices are determined by supply and demand because no single firm is powerful enough to influence the price of its product

-all firms in an industry are small

the number of firms is large

video store, farm products

principals of perfect competition:

-buyers view all products as identical

-buyers and sellers know the prices that others are paying and receiving in the marketplace

-it is easy for firms to enter or leave market

-prices are set exclusively by supply and demand and accepted by B and S

Term
monopolistic competiton
Definition

numerous sellers trying to differentiate their products for control over price

many sellers

sellers can enter and leave market easy

large numbers of buyers relative to sellers applies potential limits to prices

detergent

hamburger joints

Term
oligopoly
Definition

boeing aircraft: industry with only a few large sellers

hard to enter

actions of one firm can chang price

with more globalizataion more oligopolies will come

Term
monopoly
Definition

cable-suddenlink

industry with one producer

supplier has complet control over prices

Term
ethics
Definition
beliefs about what's right and wrong or good and bad
Term
ethical behavior
Definition
behavior conforming to individual beleifs and social norms about wahts right and good
Term
unetherical behavior
Definition
behavior conforming to indivual beliefs and social norms about what is defined as wrong and bad
Term
sources of personal codes of ethics
Definition

childhood responses to adult behavior

influence of peers

experiences in adulthood

developed morals and values

Term
encouraging ethicalbehavior involves
Definition

adopting written codes of conduct and establishng clear ethical positions for the conduct of business

 

having top management demonstrate its upport of ethical standards

 

johnsona dn johnson- cynaide and tylenol

Term
social responsibility
Definition
the oerall way in which a business attempts to balance its commitments to relevant groups and indivduals in its social environment
Term

stakeholder model of responsibilty: customers

 

environment

Definition

businesses strive to treat customrs faily and honestly

 

river burt into flames, has a responsibilty towards environment

Term
responsibility twoard customers
Definition

pricing products fairly: no gauging

 

rights: safe products, to be informed, heard, choose what to buy, educated about purchases, coureous serive

 

pres. kennedy consumer bill or rights: better business bureau

Term

collusion

 

gouging

Definition

when two or more firms agree to collaborate on such wrongful acts as price fixing

 

responding to increased demand with overly steep adn often unwarranted price:

homedeport, 5.99 gas

 

truth in adveritsing: bait and switch

Term

responsibility twoard employees

 

toward investors

Definition

provide protectin for whistleblowers

 

proper financial management (no insider trading) martha stewart

Term

 

Approaches to Social Responsibility
Definition

 

Obstructionist Stance
 defensive stance
Accommodative Stance
proactive stance
 
Term
obstructionist stance
Definition
 
ØA company does as little as possible and may deny or cover up violations
Term
defensive stance
Definition
 
ØA company does everything required of it legally but no more
Term
accommodative stance
Definition
 
ØA company meets its legal and ethical requirements and also goes further in certain cases
Term
proactive stance
Definition
 
 a company actively seeks to contribute to the well-being of groups and individuals in its social environment
Term
 
Managing Social Responsibility Programs
Definition
 
1.Social responsibility must start at the top and be considered as a factor in strategic planning.
2.A committee of top managers must develop a plan detailing the level of management support.
Term
 
[image]Small Business Defined
Definition
 
A business that is independent (not part of a larger business) and that has relatively little influence in its market.
location important
 has service industry: one half of small business
fanagle bangles
Term
 
[image]Entrepreneur
Definition
 
One who accepts the risks and opportunities of creating, operating and growing a new business
resourceful, good customer relations, be their own boss, deal with uncertainy, rely on networks
Term

buying existing business

 

franchising

Definition

less risk becaue already has rep

 

established name

subway

disadvantages: start up costs, crispy creame 1000000

needs to has who and where customers are

Term
reasons for sucess and failuure
Definition

poor management

 

hardwork, drive and dedication commitment to customer sercive

Term
 
Forms of Legal Ownership
Definition
 
ØSole proprietorship: Owned and operated by one person
ØPartnership: Sole proprietorship multiplied by the number of partner-owners
ØCorporation
Term
sole proprietorships
Definition

advantage: freedom, low start up costs

 

disadvantages: unlimited liability

 

homebuilders:!179

Term

partnerships

 

general or active partners

 

Definition

more talent and money

disagreements among partners

 

who is usually the person who runs the business and is responsible for its survival and growth

Term
corporations
Definition
ØAn artificial being, invisible, intangible, and existing only in contemplation of the law”
Corporations May:
ØSue and be sued
ØBuy, hold, and sell property
 advantages: limited liability
disadvanage: dobe tax of dividents
Term

stockholders

 

board of directs

 

corporate officers

Definition

investors who buy ownership share in the form of stock

group elected by stockholders to oversee corportate management

top managers hired by the board to run the corp

Term
joint venture
Definition
prtners share ownership of a new enterprise
Term
globalization
Definition
 
ØThe process by which the world’s various national economies and trading systems are fast becoming a single highly interdependent system
Term
exchange rate
Definition
 
The rate at which the currency of one nation can be exchanged for that of another
vanilla mexico
Term
absolute advantage
Definition
 
ØWhen a country can produce something that is cheaper and/or of higher quality than any other country
ØAn advantage based on possessing a scarce resource (e.g., oil) or favorable physical location
saudi arabai
Term
comparative advantage
Definition
 
ØWhen a country can produce goods more efficiently or better than other countries can produce the same goods
ØAn advantage based on superior productivity (e.g., technologically-advanced manufacturing capability
 US: cars and agriculture
Term
barriersto international trade
Definition

social and cultural differences: mcdonalds

legal and political different: business practices

economic differences

Term

embargo

 

tariffs

Definition
 
ØGovernment order forbidding exportation and/or importation of a product or all products from a specific country - cuba
taxes on imported goods: ford of russia- 166% tariff and pay off mafia
Term
6 principals that made carpool work
Definition

free

student run

comforable

conventient

rewarding for everyone

nonjudgemental

Term
7 keys to successful entreupreship
Definition

positive thinking

agressive steps

stay focused

surround yourself with success

integrity

open minded

networking

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