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Metabolism
Metabolism
11
Nursing
Not Applicable
03/05/2011

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Cards

Term
negative feedback control mechanisms
Definition
when hormone concentration decreases, the rate of hormone production increases in response
Term
anterior pituitary
Definition

GH (growth hormone)

prolactin

thyroid stimulating

adrenocorticotropic

gonadotropic (FSH; LH)

 

Term
posterior pituitary
Definition
main function is to store and release ADH (vasopressin) and oxytocin
Term
thyroid gland
Definition

major function is to increase metabolism

requires iodine in diet

produces calcitonin (dcr ca in blood, slows ca releasing activity of bones, mediate inflammatory response, indicate sepsis)

thyroxine T4

triiodothyronine T3

calcitonin

Term
parathyroid glands
Definition

posterior of thyroid gland

secrete PTH

incr ca levels

controls phosphate metabolism

vit d req'd for PTH to work

Term
islet cells of pancreas
Definition

release hormones essential in glucose metabolism

alpha cells-glucagon

beta cells- insulin

delta cells- somastatin

Term
adrenal cortex
Definition

zona glomerulosa- mineralocorticoids

zona fasciculate- glucocorticoids, androgens

zona reticularis- screte same hormones as fasciculate

Term
glucocorticoids
Definition

cortisol (hydrocortisone)

primary glucocorticoid

affects carb metabolism (anti insulin effect)

protein catabolism and fat metabolism

regulates production of glucose (gluconeogenesis)

role in stress response

emotional stability

decreases inflammation (antibodies; wbc)

Term
mineralocorticoids
Definition

aldosterone

essential in metabolism of electrolytes

maintains normal bp and co

deficiencies cause hypotension, hyperkalemia, decr co and shock

excesses cause htn, hypokalemia

stimulated by renin-angiotensin

reabsorbs Na and excretes K

Term
testosterone and estrogen
Definition

adrenal cortex (zona fasciculate) secretes androgen

precursor for testosterone and estrogen

gonads (ovaries/testes) also secrete this hormone

adrenals major source of androgens in women

Term
adrenal medulla
Definition

releases catecholamines when SNS is stimulated

norepinephrine

epinephrine

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