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Medical terms
First test medical terms
60
Medical
Undergraduate 1
05/08/2012

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Anterior (ventral)
Definition
Front side of the body
Term
Posterior (dorsal)
Definition
Back side of the body
Term
Deep
Definition
Away from the surface
Term
Superficial
Definition
On the surface
Term
Medial
Definition
Nearer the medial plane of the body
Term
Lateral
Definition
Pertaining to the side
Term
Supine
Definition
Lying on the back
Term
Prone
Definition
Lying on the belly
Term
Inferior
Definition
Below another structure
Term
Superior
Definition
Above another structure
Term
Proximal
Definition
Near the point of attachment to the trunk or near the beginning of a structure
Term
Distal
Definition
Far from the point of attachment to the trunk or far from the beginning of a structure
Term
Frontal (coronal)
Definition
Vertical plane separating the body or structure into anterior and posterior portions
Term
Sagittal (lateral)
Definition
Lengthwise vertical plane divideing the body or structure into right and left sides
Term
Transverse (Cross sectional axial)
Definition
Plane running across the body parallel to the ground; divides body into upper and lower portions
Term
Proxim/o
Definition

meaning- nearest

Term- proximal

Pertaining to near the beginning of the structure

Term
sacr/o
Definition

meaning- Sacrum

Term- Sacral

Pertaining to the sacrum (lower back)

Term
Sarc/o
Definition

Meaning- flesh

Term- sarcoma

Tumor of flesh tissue (malignant)

Term
Spin/o
Definition

Meaning- spine,backbone

Term-spinal

pertaining to the spine, backbone

Term

thel/o

 

Definition

Meaning-nipple

Term-epithelial cell

cell covering the surface of the skin and inner linning of body cavities and tubes

Term
thorac/o
Definition

Meaning-chest

Term-thoracic- pertaining to the chest

thoracotomy- incision of the chest

Term
trache/o
Definition

Meaning- trachea,windpipe

Term-tracheal

Pertaining to the windpipe

Term
umbilic/o
Definition

Meaning- navel,umbilicus

Term-umbilical

Pertaining to the navel

Term
ventr/o
Definition

Meaning- belly side of the body

Term-ventral

Pertaining to the belly side of the body

Term
vertebr/o
Definition

Meaning- vertebrae,backbone

Term- vertebral

Pertaining to the vertebrae

Term
viscer/o
Definition

Meaning- internal organs

Term-visceral

Pertaining to the internal organs

Term
ana
Definition

Meaning- up

Term-anabolic

Pertaining to casting up; building up substances (proteins) in the cell

Term
cata
Definition

Meaning- down

Term- catabolism

Process of casting down; breaking down material in the cell to release energy

Term
epi
Definition

Meaning- above

Term-epigastric

Pertaining to above the stomach

Term
hypo
Definition

Meaning- below

Term- hypochondriac regions

Pertaining to under the rib cartilages(area of the abdomen)

Term
inter
Definition

Meaning-between

Term- intervertebral

pertaining to between the vertebrae

Term
meta
Definition

Meaning- change

Term- metabolism

state of building up (anabolism) and breaking down (catabolism) processes in a cell

Term
eal
Definition
pertaining to
Term
iac
Definition
pertaining to
Term
ior
Definition
pertaining to
Term
ism
Definition
process
Term
ose
Definition
pertaining to, full of
Term
plasm
Definition
formation
Term
somes
Definition
bodies
Term
type
Definition
picture, classification
Term
Suffix
Definition
is always the end of a word
Term
Prefix
Definition

 

beginning

 

Term
Cell membrane
Definition
surrounds/protects/regulates passage into cells
Term
Nucleus
Definition
The controlling structure of the cell....directs repo of the cell and determines structure/function of the cell. (similar to a "brain" of the cell)
Term

Chromosomes

 

Definition
Rod-like structures within the nucleus.
Term
Genes
Definition
Several thousand of these are on each chromosome. Each is composed of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which regulates the activities of the cell by its sequence of each chromosome.
Term
Karyotype
Definition
analysis of chromosomes within the nucleus in terms of size, arrangement, and number... Providing a "chromosome map"
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
all the material outside the nucleus and contained within the cell membrane....it carries out the work of the cell (in muscle cell-it contracts; in nerve cell-it transmits impulses).
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
"powerhouse of the cell" It produces energy by burning food in the presence of oxygen. This process is called CATABOLISM
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
A network of canals within the cell containing small structures called ribosomes (tunnel like structures) which manufacture proteins for use in the cell.
Term
Tissue
Definition
group of similiar cells working together to do a specific job.
Term
Histologist
Definition
a scientist specializing in the study of tissues
Term
Epithelial Tissue
Definition
located all over the body. forms the linings of internal organs, makes up exocrine and endocrine glands, forms the other surface of skin.
Term
Voluntary Muscle
Definition
 Is found in arms/legs & parts of body where movement is voluntary.
Term
Involuntary Muscle
Definition
Is found in the heart and digestive system, as well as in other places where movement is not under counscious control.
Term
Connective Tissue
Definition
Examples are fat (adipose tissue), cartilage (elastic fibrous tissue attached to bones), bone and blood.
Term
Nerve Tissue
Definition
Conducts impulses all over the body.
Term
Organs
Definition
are structures composed of several kinds of tissue....(ex-stomach= muscle tissue, nerve tissue, and glandular epithelial tissue.
Term
Systems
Definition
groups of organs working together to perform complex functions. (ex- digestive system= mouth,esophagus,stomach,small intestines,large intestines.
Term
Catabolism
Definition
Process by which food is burned to release energy.
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