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Medical Terminology--Ch. 11
Ch. 11 Terms
75
Medical
Undergraduate 2
11/30/2011

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Term
adnexa
Definition
appendages or accessory structures of an organ
Term
emmetropia
Definition
the normal relationship between the refractive power of the eye and the shape of the eye that enables light rays to focus correctly on the retina
Term
-opia
Definition
vision condition
Term
ophthalm
Definition
eye
Term
optometrist
Definition
holds a Doctor of Optometry degree and specializes in measuring the accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed
Term
opt/o
Definition
vision
Term
blepharoptosis
Definition
aka ptosis; drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis
Term
blephar/o
Definition
eyelid
Term
chalazion
Definition
aka internal stye; a localized swelling inside the eyelid resulting from obstruction a sebaceous gland
Term
ectropion
Definition
the eversion of the edge of an eyelid
Term
trop
Definition
turn
Term
entropion
Definition
the inversion of the edge of an eyelid
Term
hordeolum
Definition
aka stye; a pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resulting from an infection in a sebaceous gland
Term
periorbital edema
Definition
swelling surrounding the eye or eyes
Term
conjunctivitis
Definition
aka pinkeye; an inflammation of the conjunctiva that is usually caused by an infection or allergy
Term
dacryoadenitis
Definition
an inflammation of the lacrimal gland that can be caused by a bacterial, viral, or fungal infection
Term
xerophthalmia
Definition
aka dry eye; drying of eye surfaces including the conjunctiva
Term
iritis
Definition
aka anterior uveitis; an inflammation of the uveal tract affecting primarily structures in the front of the eye
Term
keratitis
Definition
an inflammation of the cornea
Term
kerat
Definition
cornea
Term
kerat/o
Definition
hard
Term
pterygium
Definition
a benign growth on the cornea that can become large enough to distort vision
Term
scleritis
Definition
an inflammation of the sclera
Term
scler
Definition
white of eye
Term
anisocoria
Definition
a condition in which the pupils are unequal in size
Term
cataract
Definition
the loss of transparency of the lens that causes a progressive loss of visual clarity
Term
nystagmus
Definition
an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use
Term
papilledema
Definition
aka choked disk; swelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of entrance into the eye through the optic disk
Term
glaucoma
Definition
a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that cause damage to the retinal nerve fibers and the optic nerve
Term
diplopia
Definition
aka double vision; the perception of two images of a single object
Term
hemianopia
Definition
blindness in one-half of the visual field
Term
nyctalopia
Definition
aka night blindness; a condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night
Term
presbyopia
Definition
the condition of common changes in the eyes that occur with aging
Term
strabismus
Definition
a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together
Term
esotropia
Definition
aka cross-eyes; strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes
Term
exotropia
Definition
aka walleye; strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other
Term
ametropia
Definition
any error of refraction in which images do not focus properly on the retina
Term
astigmatism
Definition
a condition on which the eye does not focus properly because of uneven curvatures of the cornea
Term
hyperopia
Definition
aka farsightedness; a defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina
Term
myopia
Definition
aka nearsightedness; a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina
Term
amblyopia
Definition
a dimness of vision or the partial loss of sight, especially in one eye, without detectable disease of the eye
Term
ophthalmoscopy
Definition
aka funduscopy; the visual examination of the fundus (back part) of the eye with an ophthalmoscope
Term
tonometry
Definition
the measurement of intraocular pressure
Term
fluorescein angiography
Definition
a radiographic study of the blood vessels in the retina of the eye following the intravenous injection of a fluorescein dye as a contrast medium
Term
tarsorrhaphy
Definition
the partial, or complete, suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids
Term
iridectomy
Definition
the surgical removal of a portion of the tissue of the iris
Term
irid
Definition
iris
Term
radial keratotomy
Definition
a surgical procedure to treat myopia
Term
vitrectomy
Definition
the removal of the vitreous fluid and its replacement with a clear solution
Term
phak
Definition
lens
Term
laser trabeculoplasty
Definition
used to treat open-angle glaucoma by creating openings in the trabecular meshwork to allow fluid to drain properly
Term
retinopexy
Definition
used to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment
Term
retin/o
Definition
retina
Term
myring/o
Definition
tympanic membrane
Term
tympan/o
Definition
tympanic membrane
Term
otomycosis
Definition
aka swimmer's ear; a fungal infection of the external auditory canal
Term
ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
otopyorrhea
Definition
the flow of pus from the ear
Term
otorrhagia
Definition
bleeding from the ear
Term
barotrauma
Definition
pressure-related ear discomfort that can be caused by pressure changes when flying, driving in the mountains, scuba diving, or when the eustachain tube is blocked
Term
eustachitis
Definition
aka salpingitis; inflammation of the eustachian tube
Term
infectious myringitis
Definition
a contagious inflammation that causes painful blisters on the eardrum
Term
otosclerosis
Definition
the ankylosis of the bones of the middle ear, resulting in a conductive hearing loss
Term
otitis media
Definition
an inflammation of the middle ear
Term
vertigo
Definition
a sense of whirling dizziness, and the loss of balance, that is often combined with nausea and vomiting
Term
tinnitus
Definition
a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears. It is often associated with hearing loss
Term
presbycusis
Definition
a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages
Term
-cusis
Definition
hearing
Term
tympanometry
Definition
the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear
Term
mastoidectomy
Definition
the surgical removal of mastoid cells
Term
myringotomy
Definition
the surgical incision in the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes
Term
tympanostomy tubes
Definition
aka pediatric ear tubes; tiny ventilating tubes placed through the eardrum to provide ongoing drainage for fluids and to relieve pressure that can build up after childhood ear infections
Term
stapedectomy
Definition
the surgical removal of the top portion of the stapes bone and the insertion of a small prosthetic device known as a piston that conducts sound vibrations to the inner ear
Term
labyrinthectomy
Definition
the surgical removal of all or a portion of the labyrinth
Term
cochlear implant
Definition
an implanted electronic device that can give a deaf person a useful auditory understanding of the environment and/or hearing and help them to understand speech
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