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Medical Terminology
Module 9 Obstetrics and Neonatology
52
Medical
Undergraduate 2
03/04/2013

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Term
IVF
Definition
in vitro fertilization- method of fertilizing human ova outside the woman's body and then placing the zygote into the uterus
Term
OB
Definition
Obstetrician - Physician specializes in obstetrics, surgery dealing with pregnancy, childbirth, and puerperium (period from delivery until the reproductive organs return to normal, usually 6 weeks)
Term
Puerperium
Definition
Usually 6 week period after childbirth until reproductive organs return to normal
Term
Midwife
Definition
Childbirth assistant practitioner
Term
Zygote
Definition
Fertilized ovum
Term
Embryo
Definition
zygote from 4th day after conception to 8th week
Term
embry/o
Definition
embryo
Term

Amnionic sac or amninotic fluid

amni/o or amnion/o

Definition
fluid filled cavity within which fetus develops
Term

Chorion

chori/o

Definition
outermost membrane surrounding the embryo
Term

Fetus

fet/o or fet/i

Definition
Embryo becomes a fetus at week 9 of development
Term
Placenta
Definition
Highly vascular organ developing from the chorion, serves as a bridge to the maternal circulation for the exchange of nutrients and wastes
Term
Pelvic ultrasonography
Definition
used to visualize fetus and evaluate pregnancy
Term
Pregnancy combining forms
Definition

gravid/o, cyes/o, and cyes/i

suffix -gravida

Term
primi-
Definition
first
Term
nulli-
Definition
none
Term
multi-
Definition
many
Term

parturition

 

Definition
childbirth
Term

par/o, part/o,

puerper/o

Definition
labor or childbirth
Term
ante-
Definition
before
Term
para
Definition

a woman who has given birth (live or stillborn)

nullipara - has not given birth to a viable offspring

primipara - has given birth to an offspring after the point of viability (20 weeks)

multipara - 2 or more viable offspring

Term
Iochia
Definition
vaginal discharge that can continue for for 3-6 weeks after birth
Term
puerperal
Definition
pertaining to the puerperium period
Term
EDD
Definition
Expected date of delivery
Term
premature
Definition
born before completing the 37th week of gestation
Term

Natal

nat/o

Definition
pertaining to birth
Term
meconium
Definition
the first postnatal stool of the newborn
Term
colostrum
Definition
thin milky fluid secreted before lactation begins
Term
-rrhexis
Definition
rupture
Term
amniocentesis
Definition
surgical puncture to aspirate amniotic fluid, assess fetal health
Term
oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios
Definition
scanty or excessive amnionic fluid
Term
salpnogcyesis
Definition
term describing ectopic pregnancy, implantation occurring in the fallopian tube
Term
pseudocyesis
Definition
false pregnancy
Term
Placenta previa
Definition
condition where placenta develops in the lower portion of the uterus, partially or completely covering cervical opening. May cause bleeding during dilation of the cervix. If severe, it can threaten the life of the mother, making cesarean section necessary
Term
Abruptio placentae
Definition
premature separation of the placenta from uterine wall, often resulting in severe hemorrhage. Often associated with fetal and maternal mortality, thus necessitating an immediate cesarean section
Term

Preeclampsia

or

Eclampsia

Definition
condition occuring during pregnancy or shortly after, acute onset of high blood pressure. If convulsions occur the condition has progressed to eclampsia or toxemia, bed rest and BP meds required to prevent seizures
Term
Choriocarcinoma
Definition
malignant neoplasm of the uterus that arises from the chorionic membrane
Term
Dystocia
Definition
difficult labor
Term
Cephalic or Breech presentation
Definition
position the baby presents itself, head first or feet (buttocks) first
Term
omphalo/o
Definition
umbilicus
Term
Hydrocephalus
Definition
condition of interference with the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, results in enlaged head, excess fluid must be drained to relieve pressure from brain through a "shunt" tube
Term
terat/o
Definition
literally means monster, but refers to malformation
Term
RDS
Definition
Respiratory distress syndrome, caused by a lack of surfactant in the lungs causing collapse due to increased tension, requires measures to maintain adequate oxygenation
Term
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Definition
condition where maternal and fetal blood type incompatibility leads to destruction of red blood cells in the newborn
Term
Pyloric stenosis
Definition
narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, affects 1 in 200 newborns, surgical correction may be necessary
Term

C/S, C-section

and 

VBAC

Definition

cesarean section

and 

Vaginal Birth After Cesarean section

Term
amniotomy
Definition
hook is used to rupture the fetal membrane, used to induce labor
Term

episiotomy 

(perineotomy)

Definition
surgical incision of the perineum to enlarge the vaginal opening for delivery
Term
laparotomy
Definition
incision into the abdominal wall, necessary to safely remove fetus in the case of breech position
Term
Apgar Score
Definition
system used to evaluate the newborn's heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, color, and response to skin stimulation
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