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Medical Terminology Specialties - Chapters 16, 17 (wk 9)
PCC MP 111
115
Medical
Undergraduate 1
03/09/2010

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Term
acous/o
Definition
hearing
Term
adenoid/o
Definition
adenoid
Term
ambly/o
Definition
dull, dim
Term
audi/o
Definition
hearing
Term
audit/o
Definition
hearing
Term
auricul/o
Definition
ear
Term
aur/o
Definition
ear
Term
blephar/o
Definition
eyelid
Term
cochle/o
Definition
cochlea
Term
conjunctiv/o
Definition
conjunctiva
Term
dacry/o
Definition
tear, lacrimal sac
Term
dipl/o
Definition
double, twofold
Term
epiglott/o
Definition
epiglottis
Term
glauc/o
Definition
gray
Term
heter/o
Definition
different
Term
irid/o
Definition
iris
Term
kerat/o
Definition
horny tissue, hard, cornea
Term
labyrinth/o
Definition
labyrinth, inner ear
Term
lacrim/o
Definition
tear, lacrimal gland
Term
laryng/o
Definition
larynx (voice box)
Term
mastoid/o
Definition
mastoid process
Term
mi/o
Definition
smaller, less
Term
mydr/o
Definition
widen, enlarge
Term
myring/o
Definition
tympanic membrane, eardrum
Term
nas/o
Definition
nose
Term
ocul/o
Definition
eye
Term
ophthalm/o
Definition
eye
Term
opt/o
Definition
eye, vision
Term
optic/o
Definition
eye, vision
Term
ot/o
Definition
ear
Term
pharyng/o
Definition
pharynx (throat)
Term
phot/o
Definition
light
Term
presby/o
Definition
old age
Term
retin/o
Definition
retina
Term
rhin/o
Definition
nose
Term
salping/o
Definition
tube (usually fallopian or eustachian tubes)
Term
scler/o
Definition
hardening, sclera
Term
scot/o
Definition
darkness
Term
sinus/o
Definition
sinus, cavity
Term
somn/o
Definition
sleep
Term
staped/o
Definition
stapes
Term
tonsill/o
Definition
tonsils
Term
trache/o
Definition
trachea
Term
tympan/o
Definition
tympanic membrane, eardrum
Term
-acusis
Definition
hearing
Term
-cusis
Definition
hearing
Term
-osmia
Definition
smell
Term
-plegia
Definition
paralysis
Term
-rrhea
Definition
discharge, flow
Term
-tropia
Definition
turning
Term
dys-
Definition
bad, painful, difficult
Term
eso-
Definition
inward
Term
hemi-
Definition
one half
Term
hyper-
Definition
excessive, above normal
Term
hypo-
Definition
under, below
Term
mono-
Definition
one
Term
acoustic neuroma
Definition
benign tumor of the 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) in the brain (tinnitus, vertigo and impaired hearing are the initial symptoms)
Term
allergic rhinitis
Definition
inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose caused by inhaled allergens
Term
amblyopia
Definition
reduction in, or dimness of, vision, especially that in which there is no apparent pathological condition of the eye
Term
anacusis
Definition
total deafness
Term
anosmia
Definition
loss of the sense of smell; the ability to taste food and liquids is also impaired or lost
Term
astigmatism
Definition
irregular curvature of the cornea or lens in which the light rays cannot be focused clearly on the retina
Term
blepharoptosis
Definition
a drooping of the upper eyelid causing skin to hang over the free border of the eyelid
Term
cataract
Definition
a degenerative condition of the lens of the eye characterized by loss of transparency; a gray-white opacity can be observed within the lens behind the pupil
Term
chalazion
Definition
a small, hard tumor on the eyelid resulting from the obstruction and retained secretions of the tarsal glands (which secrete a sebaceous substance that keeps the lids from adhering to each other)
Term
cholesteatoma
Definition
cystlike sac containing epithelial cells and cholesterol in the middle ear and mastoid area (as congenital defect or result of chronic otitis media (if not removed or drained, conductive hearing loss and erosion of middle ear may result)
Term
corneal abrasion
Definition
the rubbing off of the outer layer of the cornea
Term
coryza
Definition
inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes; synonymous with rhinitis
Term
croup
Definition
(acute laryngotracheobronchitis) acute respiratory syndrome of childhood characterized by a barking cough, suffocative and difficult breathing, stridor and laryngeal spasm (resulting from obstruction of the larynx caused by an allergen, infection or foreign body)
Term
deviated septum
Definition
a shift of the nasal septum away from the midline (either traumatic or congenital)
Term
epiglottitis
Definition
severe, life-threatening infection of the epiglottis and surrounding area that occurs most often in children between 2 and 12 years of age
Term
epistaxis
Definition
nasal hemorrhage; nosebleed
Term
glaucoma
Definition
a disease of the eye characterized by increased intraocular pressure (IOP), excavation and atrophy of the optic nerve, producing defects in the field of vision
Term
heteropsia
Definition
inequality of vision in the two eyes
Term
hordeolum
Definition
a localized, purulent, inflammatory infection of the sebaceous gland of an eyelash, caused by a bacterial infection
Term
hyperopia, hypermetropia
Definition
farsightedness, or an inability of the eye to focus on nearby objects (refraction in which rays of light are brought into focus behind the retina)
Term
influenza
Definition
acute, contagious respiratory infection characterized by sudden onset of fever, chills, headache and myalgia; self-limited disease that usually lasts 2 to 7 days
Term
laryngitis
Definition
inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the larynx and edema of the vocal cord with resulting hoarseness (dysphonia) or loss of voice (aphonia), cough and dysphagia
Term
macular degeneration
Definition
a progressive deterioration of the macular tissue of the retina, an area important in the visualization of fine details
Term
mastoiditis
Definition
infection of the mastoid area that usually results from the spreading of an inner ear infection
Term
M
Definition
chronic inner ear disease in which there is an overaccumulation of fluid in the labyrinth (recurrent episodes of vertigo, tinnitus and ear pressure with progressive hearing loss occurs), initially involving one ear but over time both may become affected (unknown etiology)
Term
monochromatism
Definition
complete color blindness in which all colors are perceived as shades of grade
Term
myopia
Definition
a condition of nearsightedness caused by the elongation of the eyeball or by an error of refraction so that parallel light rays are focused in front of the retina
Term
nasal polyposis
Definition
condition of multiple polyps (tumor on a stalk) in the nose
Term
nystagmus
Definition
constant, involuntary, cyclical movement of the eyeball in any direction
Term
otitis externa`
Definition
infection of the external auditory canal from the growth of bacteria of fungi
Term
otitis media
Definition
infection or inflammation of the middle ear; serous (noninfectious, clear fluid) or suppurative (inflammation with pus formation)
Term
otosclerosis
Definition
hereditary disorder of bone metabolism where abnormal bone develops at the anterior end of the oval window, resulting in fixation of the stapes and a conductive hearing loss
Term
pertussis
Definition
acute bacterial infection characterized by a "whoop" sounding cough that affects the pharynx, larynx, and trachea
Term
presbyopia
Definition
a form of farsightedness associated with the aging process which usually occurs between 40 and 45, in which the lens loses its elasticity and its ability to adjust for accommodation to near vision
Term
retinoblastoma
Definition
congenital, hereditary neoplasm developing from the retinal germ cells; the tumor grows rapidly and may invade the brain and distant sites
Term
sinusitis
Definition
inflammation of one or more paranasal sinuses caused by a virus, bacteria, or allergy
Term
sleep apnea
Definition
intermittent short period of cessation of breathing (apnea) followed by snorting and gasping during sleep
Term
strabismus
Definition
failure of the eyes to gaze in the same direction due to weaknesses in the ocular muscles (classified according to the direction in which the eye(s) deviates as esotropia (inward turning or convergent strabismus) or exotropia (outward turning or divergent strabismus "wall-eye")
Term
thrush
Definition
yeast infection caused by Candida albicans
Term
tinnitus
Definition
subjective, chronic ringing or other distressing noise in the ears or head
Term
tonsillitis
Definition
infection or inflammation of a tonsil (acute tonsillitis is frequently caused by streptococcus)
Term
trachoma
Definition
a chronic, infectious disease of the eye caused by Chlamydia trachomatis
Term
upper respiratory infection
Definition
almost any infectious disease process involving the nasal passages, pharynx, and bronchi (etiologic agent may be viral or bacterial)
Term
vertigo
Definition
sensation of spinning of oneself or of external objects spinning around oneself; balance and equilibrium are affected and nausea is often present (usually stemming from an abnormality in labyrinth or inner ear)
Term
fundoscopy
Definition
use of an ophthalmoscope to examine the innermost structures of the eye, particularly the blood vessels supplying the retina and the optic disc; synonymous with ophthalmoscopy
Term
laser photocoagulation
Definition
surgical procedure using an aragon laser to stimulate coagulation of tissue and blood vessels in the interior of the eye
Term
orthoptic training
Definition
eye muscle exercise prescribed to correct strabismus and restore the normal coordination of the eyes
Term
polysomnography
Definition
continuous measurement and recording of physiological activity during sleep (recommended test to determine sleep apnea diagnosis)
Term
tonometry
Definition
measurement of the intraocular pressure (IOP) of the eye
Term
tympanometry
Definition
test that measures the compliance of the tympanic membrane and differentiates problems in the middle ear
Term
vitrectomy
Definition
procedure in which the vitreous humor is drained out of the eye chamber and replaced with saline or silicone oil (when blood or scar tissue accumulates in the vitreous humor, a common complication of diabetic retinopathy)
Term
antibiotics
Definition
agents that inhibit the growth of microorganisms; ophthalmic antibiotics are dispensed as topical ointments and solutions for eye infections
Term
antifungals
Definition
agents that are effective against yeast infections caused by Candida albicans that occur in the oral cavity and pharynx
Term
cycloplegics
Definition
agents that paralyze the ciliary muscles to dilate the pupils
Term
miotics
Definition
agents that constrict the pupils
Term
mydriatics
Definition
group of topical drugs used to dilate the pupil and paralyze the muscles of accommodation (cycloplegia) of the iris; used to prepare the eye for internal exam and treat inflammatory conditions of the iris
Term
HEENT
Definition
head, eyes, ears, nose, throat
Term
T&A
Definition
tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy
Term
URI
Definition
upper respiratory infection
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