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Medical Terminology Quiz 2.9
Cardiovascular Vocabulary
37
Pharmacology
Professional
09/09/2010

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Cards

Term
auscultation
Definition
listening to sounds within the body using a stethescope
Term
cardiology
Definition
branch of medicine for diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease; physician is a cardiologist
Term
ischemia
Definition
local and temporary deficiency of blood supply due to a circulatory obstruction
Term
murmur
Definition
abnormal heart sound such as soft blowing sound or a harsh click; also called a bruit
Term
orthostatic hypotension
Definition
sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up suddenly
Term
palpitations
Definition
pounding, racing heartbeats
Term
plaque
Definition
yellow, fatty deposit of lipids in an artery; hallmark of atherosclerosis
Term
regurgitation
Definition
to flow backwards; in CV system, refers to backflow of blood through a valve
Term
sphygmomanometer
Definition
blood pressure cuff; measures blood pressure
Term
stent
Definition
stainless steel tube placed within blood vessel to widen the lumen
Term
stethescope
Definition
instrument for listening to body sounds
Term
angina pectoris
Definition
severe pain and sensation of constriction around the heart; caused by myocardial ischemia
Term
arrhythmia
Definition
irregularity in heartbeat; some are mild and others are life threatening
Term
cardiac arrest
Definition
complete stopping of heart activity
Term
cardiomyopathy
Definition
myocardial disease; may be cause by viral infection, CHF, or alcoholism; common reason for heart transplants
Term
congestive heart failure (CHF)
Definition
left ventricle muscle is too weak to effectively pump blood results in weakness, breathlessness, and edema
Term
coronary artery disease (CAD)
Definition
poor blood supply to heart muscle due to obstruction of coronary arteries; may cause agina pectoris and heart attck
Term
endocarditis
Definition
inflammation of lining membranes of the heart; if cause is bacterial, may have a bacterial colony form, called vegetation
Term
myocarditis
Definition
inflammation of heart muscle layer
Term
aneurysm
Definition
weakness and ballooning of arterial wall; commonly seen in abdominal and cerebral arteries
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
most common form of arteriosclerosis; lipid plaques form in arterial wall
Term
embolus
Definition
obstruction of blood vessel by a clot that has broken off from a thrombus in another site
Term
hypertension (HTN)
Definition
high blood pressure; essential or primary HTN is due to CV disease; secondary HTN results from another associated disease
Term
hypotension
Definition
decrease in blood pressure; may be due to shock or anemia
Term
cardiac enzymes
Definition
blood test determines levels of these specific to heart muscle blood; increase may indicate heart muscle damage such as MI
Term
serum lipoprotein level
Definition
blood test measures amount of cholesteral and triglycerides in blood; indicator of atherosclerosis risk
Term
Doppler ultrasonography
Definition
using ultrasound to produce an image of blood flowing through blood vessels in order to determine velocity; indicates blood clots or deep vein thromboses
Term
echocardiography
Definition
use of ultrasound to visualize internal cardiac structures; especially valves
Term
cardiac catheterization
Definition
process in which a catheter is threaded through a blood vessel to the heart; detects abnormalities, collects cardiac blood samples, and determines blood pressure
Term
electrocardiography
Definition
process of recording electrical activity of the heart; helps to diagnose arythmias and myocardial damage
Term
Holter monitor
Definition
portable ECG monitor worn by patient up to a few days to assess heart activity as person goes through daily activities
Term
stress testing
Definition
evaluates cardiovascular fitness; patient exercises on a treadmill or bicycle with a steadily increasing work load; EKG and oxygen levels are monitored throughout the test
Term
CPR
Definition
procedure to restore cardiac output and oxygenate air for person in cardiac arrest; uses chest compressions and artificial respiration
Term
defibrillation
Definition
procedure that converts irregular heartbeats, such as fibrillation, using an electric shock
Term
implantable cardioverter-defibrillator
Definition
device implanted into the heart to deliver an electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm; especially helpful for ventricular fibrillation
Term
pacemaker implantation
Definition
device implanted into the heart to substitute for the natural pacemaker; especially helpful for bradycardia
Term
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
Definition
blood vessel from another location (often a leg vein) is grafted to route blood around the blocked coronary artery
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