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Medical Terminology Ch. 7-10
Understanding the Medical Language 7th Edition
102
Medical
Undergraduate 2
07/05/2011

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Term
testis or testicle
Definition
primary male sex organs, paired, oval-shaped, and enclosed in a sac called the scrotum.
Term
sperm (spermatozoon, pl. spermatozoa)
Definition
the microscopic male germ cell, which when united with the ovum, produces a zygote (fertilized egg)
Term
testosterone
Definition
the principle male hormone. Its chief function is to stimulate the development of the male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics such as facial hair.
Term
seminiferous tubules
Definition
approximately 900 coiled tubes within the testes in which spermatogenesis occurs
Term
epididymis
Definition
coiled duct atop each of the testes that provides for storage, transit, and maturation of spermatozoa; continuous with the vas deferens.
Term
vas deferens, ductus deferens, or seminal duct
Definition
duct carrying the sperm from epididymys to the urethra. the spermatic cord encloses each vas deferens with nerves, lymphatics, arteries and veins.
Term
seminal vesicles
Definition
two main glands located at the base of the bladder that open into the vas deferns. The glads secrete a thick fluid, which forms part of the semen.
Term
prostate gland
Definition
encircles the upper end of the urethra. Secretes a fluid tht aids in the movement of the sperm and ejaculation.
Term
scrotum
Definition
sac suspended on both sides of and just behind the penis. Encloses the testes
Term
penis
Definition
male organ of urination and copulation (sexual intercourse)
Term
glans penis
Definition
enlarged tip on the end of the penis
Term
semen
Definition
composed of sperm, seminal fluids, and other secretions
Term
genitalia (genitals)
Definition
reproductive organs (male or female)
Term
balan/o
Definition
glans penis
Term
epididym/o
Definition
epididymis
Term
orchid/o, orchi/o orch/o, test/o
Definition
testis, testicle
Term
prostat/o
Definition
prostate gland
Term
vas/o
Definition
vessel, duct
Term
vesicul/o
Definition
seminal vesicle
Term
andr/o
Definition
male
Term
sperm/o, spermat/o
Definition
spermatozoon (pl. sermatozoa), sperm
Term
-ism
Definition
state of
Term
anorchism
Definition
state of absence of testis (unilateral or bilateral)
Term
balanitis
Definition
inflammation of the glans penis
Term
balanorrhea
Definition
discharge from the glans penis
Term
benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
Definition
excessive development pertaining to the prostate gland (nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate gland)
Term
cryptochidism
Definition
state of hidden testis
Term
epididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the epididymis
Term
orchiepididymitis
Definition
inflammation of the testis and epididymis
Term
orchitis, orchiditis, or testis
Definition
inflammation of the testis or testicle
Term
prostatitis
Definition
inflammation of the prostate gland
Term
prostatocystitis
Definition
inflammation of the prostate gland and the bladder
Term
prostatolith
Definition
stone in the prostate gland
Term
prostatorrhea
Definition
discharge from the prostate gland
Term
prostatovesiculitis
Definition
inflammation of the prostate gland, and seminal vesicles
Term
erectile dysfunction (ED)
Definition
the inability of the male to attain or maintain an erection sufficient to perform sexual intercourse (formerly called impotence)
Term
hydrocele
Definition
scrotal swelling caused by a collection of fluid
Term
phimosis
Definition
a tightness of the prepuse (foreskin of the penis) that prevents its retraction over the glans penis; it may be congenital or result in balanitis. Circumcision is the usual treatment
Term
priapism
Definition
persistent abnormal erection of he penis accompanied by pain and tenderness
Term
prostate cancer
Definition
cancer of the prostate gland
Term
testicular carcinoma
Definition
cancer of the testicle
Term
testicular torsion
Definition
twisting of the spermatic cord causing decreased blood flow to the testis, occurs most often during puberty and often presents with a sudden onset of severe testicular or scrotal pain.
Term
varicocele
Definition
enlarged veins of the spermatic cord
Term
balanoplasty
Definition
surgical repair of the glans penis
Term
epididymectomy
Definition
excision of an epididymis
Term
orchidectomy, orchiectomy
Definition
excision of the testes (bilateral excision is also called castration)
Term
orchidopexy, orchiopexy
Definition
surgical fixation of a testicle (performed to bring undescended testicle[s] into the scrotum)
Term
orchidotomy, orchiotomy
Definition
incision into a testis
Term
orchioplasty
Definition
surgical repair of a testis
Term
prostatectomy
Definition
excision of the prostate gland
Term
prostatocystotomy
Definition
incision into the prostate gland and bladder
Term
prostatolithotomy
Definition
incision into the prostate gland to remove a stone
Term
prostatovesiculectomy
Definition
excision of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles
Term
vasectomy
Definition
excision of a duct (partial excision o f the vas deferens bilaterally, resulting in male sterilization)
Term
vesiculectomy
Definition
excision of the seminal vesicles
Term
circumcision
Definition
surgical removal of the prepuce (foreskin)
Term
hydrocelectomy
Definition
surgical removal of a hydrocele
Term
radical prostatectomy (RP)
Definition
excision of the prostate gland with its capsule, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, and sometimes pelvic lymph nodes; performed by a retropubic or perineal approach, or laparoscopically; used to treat prostate cancer
Term
suprapubic prostatectomy
Definition
excision of the prostate gland through an abdominal incision made above the pubic bone and through an incision inthe bladder; used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer
Term
transurethral incision of the prostate gland (TUIP)
Definition
a surgical procedure that widens the urethra by making a few small incisions in the bladder neck of the prostate gland. No prostate tissue is removed.
Term
transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT)
Definition
a treatment that eliminates excess tissue present in benign prostatic hyperplasia by using heat generated by microwave
Term
transurethral resection of the prostate gland (TURP)
Definition
successive pieces of the prostate gland tissue are resected by using a resectoscope inserted through the urethra. The capsule is left intact; usually performed when the enlarged prostate gland interferes with urination
Term
DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING transrectal ultrasound
Definition
an ultrasound procedure used to diagnose prostate cancer
Term
LABORATORY prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
Definition
a blood test that measures the level of prostte-specific antigen in the blood.
Term
digital rectal examination (DRE)
Definition
a physical examination in which the physician inserts a finger into the rectum and feels for the size and shape of the prostate gland through the rectal wall. Used to screen for BPH and cancer of the prostate.
Term
andropathy
Definition
disease of the male
Term
aspermia
Definition
condition of without sperm
Term
oligospermia
Definition
condition of scanty sperm
Term
spermatolysis
Definition
dissolution (destruction) of sperm
Term
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Definition
a disease that affects the body's immune system, transmitted by exchange of body fluid during the sexual act, rense of contaminated needles, or receiving contaminated blood transfusions
Term
artificial insemination
Definition
introduction of semen into the vagina by artificial means
Term
chalmydia
Definition
a STD often referred to as a silent STD because many people are not aware they have the disease.
Term
coitus
Definition
sexual intercourse between male and female (also called copulation)
Term
condom
Definition
cover for the penis worn during coitus to prevent conception and the spread of STD
Term
ejaculation
Definition
ejection of semen from the male urethra
Term
genital herpes
Definition
STD also known as herpes simplex virus
Term
gonads
Definition
male and female sex glands
Term
gonorrhea
Definition
contagious, inflammatory STD caused by a bacterial organism that affects the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system
Term
heterosexual
Definition
person who is attracted to a member of the opposite sex
Term
homosexual
Definition
person who is attracted to a member of the same sex
Term
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Definition
a type of retrovirus that causes AIDS. Infects T-helper cells of the immune system, allowing for opportunistic infections such as candidias, tuberculosis, and Kaposi sarcoma
Term
human papillomavirus (HPV)
Definition
a prevalent sexually transmitted disease causing benign or cancerous growth in male and female genitals (also called venereal warts)
Term
orgasm
Definition
climax of sexual stimulation
Term
prosthesis
Definition
an artificial replacement of an absent body part
Term
puberty
Definition
period when secondary sex characteristics develop and the ability to reproduce sexually begins
Term
sexually transmitted disease (STD)
Definition
venereal disease
Term
sterilization
Definition
process that renders an individual unable to produce offspring
Term
syphilis
Definition
chronic infection caused by a bacteria which usually is transmitted by sexual contact, may be acquired in utero, or (less often) contracted through direct contact with infected tissue.
Term
trichomoniasis
Definition
a STD caused by a one-cell organism, that infects the genitourinary.
Term
AIDS
Definition
acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
Term
BPH
Definition
benign prostatic hyperplasia
Term
DRE
Definition
digital rectal examination
Term
ED
Definition
erectile dysfunction
Term
HIV
Definition
human immunodeficiency virus
Term
HPV
Definition
human pappillomavirus
Term
PSA
Definition
prostate-specific antigen
Term
RP
Definition
radical prostatectomy
Term
STD
Definition
sexually transmitted disease
Term
TUIP
Definition
transurethral incision of the prostate
Term
TUMT
Definition
transurethral microwave thermotherapy
Term
TURP
Definition
transurethral resection of the prostate
Term
TURP
Definition
transurethral resection of the prostate
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