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Med Term 4 (Body Structures)
From Medical Terminology Systems: A Body Systems Approach 7ed. by Barbara A. Gylys
138
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/23/2015

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Term
cyt/o
Definition
cell
Term
hist/o
Definition
tissue
Term
kary/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
nucle/o
Definition
nucleus
Term
anter/o
Definition
anterior, front
Term
caud/o
Definition
tail
Term
cephal/o
Definition
head
Term
dist/o
Definition
far, farthest
Term
dors/o
Definition
back (of body)
Term
infer/o
Definition
lower, below
Term
later/o
Definition
side, to one side
Term
medi/o
Definition
middle
Term
poster/o
Definition
back (of body), behind, posterior
Term
proxim/o
Definition
near, nearest
Term
ventr/o
Definition
belly, belly side
Term
abdomin/o
Definition
abdomen
Term
cervic/o
Definition
neck, cervix uteri (neck of the uterus)
Term
crani/o
Definition
cranium (skull)
Term
gastr/o
Definition
stomach
Term
ili/o
Definition
ilium (lateral, flaring portion of hip bone)
Term
inguin/o
Definition
groin
Term
lumb/o
Definition
loins (lower back)
Term
pelv/i
Definition
pelvis
Term
pelv/o
Definition
pelvis
Term
spin/o
Definition
spine
Term
thorac/o
Definition
chest
Term
umbilic/o
Definition
umbilicus, navel
Term
albin/o
Definition
white
Term
leuk/o
Definition
white
Term
chlor/o
Definition
green
Term
chrom/o
Definition
color
Term
cirrh/o
Definition
yellow
Term
jaund/o
Definition
yellow
Term
xanth/o
Definition
yellow
Term
cyan/o
Definition
blue
Term
erythr/o
Definition
red
Term
melan/o
Definition
black
Term
poli/o
Definition
gray, gray matter (of the brain or spinal cord)
Term
acr/o
Definition
extremity
Term
eti/o
Definition
cause
Term
idi/o
Definition
unknown, peculiar
Term
morph/o
Definition
form, shape, structure
Term
path/o
Definition
disease
Term
radi/o
Definition
radiation, x-ray, radius (lower arm bone on thumb side)
Term
somat/o
Definition
body
Term
son/o
Definition
sound
Term
tom/o
Definition
to cut
Term
viscer/o
Definition
internal organs
Term
xer/o
Definition
dry
Term
-genesis
Definition
forming, producing, origin
Term
-gnosis
Definition
knowing
Term
-gram
Definition
record, writing
Term
-graph
Definition
instrument for recording
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording
Term
-logist
Definition
specialist in the study of
Term
-logy
Definition
study of
Term
-meter
Definition
instrument for measuring
Term
-metry
Definition
act of measuring
Term
-pathy
Definition
disease
Term
ab-
Definition
from, away from
Term
ad-
Definition
toward
Term
hetero-
Definition
different
Term
homeo-
Definition
same, alike
Term
infra-
Definition
below, under
Term
peri-
Definition
around
Term
super-
Definition
upper, above
Term
trans-
Definition
across, through
Term
ultra-
Definition
excess, beyond
Term
RUQ
Definition
Right upper quadrant
Term
LUQ
Definition
Left upper quadrant
Term
RLQ
Definition
Right lower quadrant
Term
LLQ
Definition
Left lower quadrant
Term
homeostasis
Definition
stable internal environment
Term
disease
Definition
when homeostasis is disrupted and cells, tissues, organs, or systems are unable to function effectively
Term
Signs
Definition
objective indicators that are observable
Term
symptom
Definition
a subjective indicator of disease
Term
etiology
Definition
the study of the cause or origin of a disease or disorder
Term
diagnosis
Definition
establishing the cause and nature of a disease
Term
prognosis
Definition
the prediction of the course of a disease and its probable outcome
Term
idiopathic
Definition
any disease whose cause is unknown
Term
sequelae
Definition
complications that arise directly from a disease
Term
adhesion
Definition
abnormal fibrous band that holds or binds together tissues that are normally separated
Term
ascites
Definition
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity
Term
edema
Definition
abnormal accumulation of fluid within tissue spaces
Term
febrile
Definition
pertaining to a fever, also called pyretic
Term
gangrene
Definition
death and decay of soft tissue, usually caused by circulatory obstruction, trauma, or infection
Term
hernia
Definition
protrusion of an organ through the structure that normally contains it
Term
inflammation
Definition
body defense against injury, infection, or allergy marked by redness, swelling, heat, pain, and sometimes, loss of function
Term
mycosis
Definition
any fungal infection in or on the body
Term
perforation
Definition
hole that completely penetrates a structure
Term
rupture
Definition
sudden breaking or bursting of a structure or organ
Term
sepsis
Definition
pathological state, usually febrile, resulting from the presence of microorganisms or their products in the bloodstream
Term
suppuration
Definition
producing or associated with the generation of pus
Term
infusion therapy
Definition
delivery of fluids directly into the blood stream via a vein for treating various disorders; also called IV therapy
Term
ablation
Definition
removal of a part, pathway, or function by surgery, chemical destruction, electrocautery, freezing, or radio frequency (RF)
Term
anastomosis
Definition
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
Term
cauterize
Definition
destruction of tissue by electricity, freezing, heat, or corrosive chemicals
Term
curenttage
Definition
scraping of a body cavity with a spoon-shaped instrument called a curette (curet)
Term
incision and drainage (I&D)
Definition
incision made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a wound or cavity
Term
laser surgery
Definition
use of a high intensity laser light beam to remove duseased tissues, stop bleeding blood vessels, or for cosmetic purposes
Term
resection
Definition
removal of part or all of a structure, organ, or tissue
Term
revision
Definition
surgical procedure used to replace or compensate for a previously implanted device or correct an undesirable result or effect of a previous surgery
Term
assessment techniques
Definition
sequence of procedures designed to evaluate the health status of a patient
Term
inspection
Definition
general observations of the patient as a whole, progressing to specific body areas
Term
palpation
Definition
gentle application of the hands to a specific structure or body area to determine size, consistency, texture, symmetry, and tenderness of underlying structures
Term
percussion
Definition
tapping a structure with the hand or fingers to assess consistency and the presence or absence of fluids within the underlying structure
Term
auscultation
Definition
listening to the heart, bowel, and lungs with or without a stethoscopeto assess the presence and quality of sounds
Term
endoscopy
Definition
visual examination of a body cavity or canal using a specialized lighted instrument called an endoscope
Term
blood chemistry analysis
Definition
laboratory test, usually performed on serum, to evaluate various substances to determine whether they fall within a normal range
Term
complete blood count (CBC)
Definition
panel of blood tests used as a broad screening test for anemias, infection, and other diseases
Term
organ-disease panels
Definition
series of blood tests used to evaluate a specific organ (liver panel) or disease (anemia panel)
Term
computed tomography (CT)
Definition
imaging technique in which an x-ray emitter rotates around the area to be scanned and a computer measures the intensity of transmitted x-rays from different anglesl formally called computerized axil tomography
Term
fluoroscopy
Definition
technique in which x-rays are directed through the body to a fluorescent screen that displays internal structures in continuous motion
Term
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Definition
technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce highly detailed, multiplanar, cross-sectional views of soft tissues
Term
nuclear scan
Definition
technique in which a radioactive material (radiopharmaceutical) called a tracer is introduced into the body (inhaled, ingested, or injected) and a specialized camera (gamma camera) is used to produce images of organs and structures
Term
positron emission tomography (PET)
Definition
computed tomography records the positrons (positive charged particles) emitted from a radiopharmaceutical to produce a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity of body tissues to determine the presence of disease
Term
radiography
Definition
technique in which x-rays are pressed through the body or areas and captured on a film to generate an image; also called x-ray
Term
single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)
Definition
radiological technique that integrates computed tomography and a radioactive material (tracer) injected into the bloodstream to visualize blood flow to tissues and organs
Term
ultrasonography (US)
Definition
high-frequency sound waves (ultrasound) are directed at soft tissue and reflected as "echos" to produce an image on a monitor of an internal body structure; also called ultrasound, sonography, and echo
Term
biopsy
Definition
removal of a representative tissue sample from a body site for microscopic examination, usually to establish a diagnosis
Term
bx
Definition
biopsy
Term
excisional (biopsy)
Definition
biopsy in which the entire lesion is removed
Term
incisional (biopsy)
Definition
biopsy in which only a small sample of the lesion is removed
Term
AP
Definition
anteroposterior
Term
CBC
Definition
complete blood count
Term
CT
Definition
computed tomography
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid
Term
Dx
Definition
diagnosis
Term
I&D
Definition
incision and drainage
Term
LAT/lat
Definition
lateral
Term
MRI
Definition
magnetic resonance imaging
Term
PET
Definition
positron emission tomography
Term
RF
Definition
rheumatoid factor; radio frequency
Term
SPECT
Definition
single photon emission computed tomography
Term
U&L, U/L
Definition
upper and lower
Term
US
Definition
ultrasound, ultrasonography
Term
Sx
Definition
symptom
Term
Tx
Definition
treatment
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