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Med term chapters 10 and 17
all terms for chapter 10 and 17
66
Medical
Not Applicable
11/27/2009

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Term
Acetylcholine
Definition
Neurotransmitter chemical released at the ends of nerve cells
Term
Afferent nerves
Definition
Carry messages towards the brain and spinal cords
Term
Arachnoid membrane
Definition
Middle layer of the three membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
Term
Autonomic nervous system
Definition
Nerves that control involuntary body functions muscles, glands and internal organs
Term
Axon
Definition
Microscopic fiber that carry's the nervous impulse along a nerve cell
Term
Brainstem
Definition
Lower portion of the bran that connects the cerebrum with the spinal cord
Term
Cauda equina
Definition
Nerve roots leaving the caudal end of the spine
Term
Cell body
Definition
Part of a nerve cell that contains the nucleus
Term
Central nervous system
Definition
Brain and the spinal cord
Term
Cerebellum
Definition
Posterior part of the brain that coordinates muscle movements and maintains balance
Term
Cerebrospinal fluid
Definition
Fluid that circulates throughout the brain and spinal cord
Term
Cerebrum
Definition
Largest part of the brain, responsible for voluntary muscle activity, vision, speech, taste, hearing, thought and memory
Term
Dendrite
Definition
Microscopic branching fiber of a nerve cell that is the first part to receive the nervous impulse
Term
Dura mater
Definition
Thick, outermost layer of meninges surrounding and protecting the brain and spinal cord
Term
Efferent nerves
Definition
Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord
Term
Medulla oblongata
Definition
Portion of the brain just above the spinal cord that controls breathing heart beat and the size of blood vessels
Term
Meninges
Definition
Three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord
Term
Motor nerves
Definition
Carry messages away from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and organs
Term
Myelin sheath
Definition
White fatty tissue that surrounds and insulates the axon of a nerve cell
Term
Neuron
Definition
Nerve cell that carries impulses throughout the body
Term
Neurotransmitter
Definition
Chemical messenger released at the end of a nerve cell
Term
Parasympathetic nerves
Definition
Involentary, autonomic nerves that regulate normal body functions such as heart rate, breathing and muscles of the gastrointestinal tract
Term
Peripheral nervous system
Definition
Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
Term
Pia mater
Definition
Thin, delicate inner membrane of the meninges
Term
Plexus
Definition
Large, interlacing network of nerves.
Term
Receptor
Definition
Organ that receives a nervous stimulation and passes it on to nerves within the body
Term
Proprioception
Definition
knowing where your limbs are in space
Term
Sensory nerves
Definition
Carry messages to the brain and spinal cord from a receptor
Term
Sympathetic nerves
Definition
autonomic nerves that influence bodily function involuntary in times of stress
Term
Synapse
Definition
Space through which a nervous impulse is transmitted from one neuron to another, or from a neruon to another cell, such as muscle or gland cell
Term
Vagus nerve
Definition
Tenth cranial nerve, branches out to reach the larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, aorta and esophagus.
Term
Cerebell/o, cerebr/o
Definition
Cerebellum
Term
Encephal/o
Definition
Brain
Term
Mening/o, meningi/o
Definition
Meninges
Term
my/o
Definition
Muscle
Term
Myel/o
Definition
Spinal cord
Term
Neur/o
Definition
Nerve
Term
Vag/o
Definition
Vagus nerve
Term
Alges/o, -algesia
Definition
Excessive sensitivity to pain
Term
-Algia
Definition
pain
Term
Comat/o
Definition
Deep sleep
Term
Esthesi/o, -esthesia
Definition
Feeling, nervous sensation
Term
Kines/o, kinesi/o, -kinesia, -kinesis, -kinetic
Definition
movement
Term
-lepsy
Definition
seizure
Term
-paresis
Definition
Weakness
Term
-Plegia
Definition
Paralysis
Term
-Sthenia
Definition
Strength
Term
Syncop/o
Definition
To cut off
Term
Tax/o
Definition
order
Term
Epilepsy
Definition
Chronic brain disorder characterized by recurrent seizure activity
Term
Myasthenia gravis
Definition
Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles
Term
Meningitis
Definition
inflammation of the meninges
Term
Brain tumor
Definition
Abnormal growth of brain tissue and meninges
Term
Cerebral concussion
Definition
Temporary brain disfunction after injury, usually clearing after 24 hours
Term
Cerebral contusion
Definition
Bruising of the brain tissue as a result of direct trauma to the head.
Term
Cerebrovascular accident
Definition
Disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain, stroke.
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
Enlarged, weakened area in the arterial wall, which may rupture, leading to hemorrhages and stroke
Term
Embolus
Definition
A mass travels throughout the blood stream ans suddenly blocks a vessel
Term
Gait
Definition
Manner of walking
Term
Occlusion
Definition
Blockage
Term
Palliative
Definition
Relieving symptoms but not curing
Term
Tonic-clonic seizure
Definition
Major convulsive seizure marked by sudden loss of consciousness, stiffening muscles, and twitching and jerking movements
Term
Cerebrospinal fluid analysis
Definition
Samples of CDF are examined
Term
Myelography
Definition
X-ray imaging of the spinal canal after injection of contrast medium intot he subarachnoid space
Term
Magnetic resonance imaging
Definition
Magnetic and radio waves create an image of the brain in all three planes
Term
Electroencephalography
Definition
Recording of the electrical activity in the brain
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