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Med-Surge Test 1 Definitions
Med-Surge Test 1 Definitions
48
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
10/19/2015

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Term
Drug Misuse
Definition
Utilizing a medication for purposes other than what it was intended for
Term
Drug Abuse
Definition
Culturally defined, drug use inconsistent with medical or social norms
Term
Drug Addiction
Definition
Complex CNS disorder, uncontrolled cravings and dependence
Term
Dependence
Definition
Stopping causes severe emotional/mental/physiologic reaction
Term
Physical Dependence
Definition
Does not guarantee addiction
Term
Trough
Definition
The lowest serum concentration of a medication before the next medication dose is administered
Term
Peak
Definition
Time it takes for a medication to reach its highest effective concentration
Term
Onset
Definition
Time it takes after a medication is administered for it to produce a response
Term
Duration
Definition
Time during which the medication is present in concentration great enough to produce a response
Term
Plateau
Definition
Blood serum concentration of a medication reached and maintained after repeated fixed doses
Term
AC,ac
Definition
Before meals
Term
ad lib
Definition
As desired
Term
At bedtime
Definition
nightly or at bedtime
Term
At bedtime
Definition
nightly or at bedtime
Term
After meals
Definition
PC, pc
Term
Whenever there is a need
Definition
prn
Term
Every morning, every am
Definition
qam
Term
Every Day
Definition
daily
Term
Give immediately
Definition
STAT, stat
Term
Biological Half-Life
Definition
Time it takes for excretion process to lower the amount of unchanged medication by half. Short half-life meds need to be given more frequently, however the half-life does not increase with a greater dose
Term
Therapeutic Plateau
Definition
Regular fixed doses that corresponds with their half-life
Term
Time Critical
Definition
Early or delayed administration of doses (more than 30 minutes before or after scheduled time) will most likely harm or result in sub therapeutic responses
Term
Non-time critical
Definition
Timing of administration will not affect desired effect of medication if given 1-2 hours before or after scheduled time
Term
Standing Order
Definition
Carried out until the prescriber cancels it by another order or a prescribed number of days elapse.
Term
prn Order
Definition
Only when patient requires it. Use objective and subjective assessment and discretion in determining whether or note the patient needs the medication
Term
STAT Orders
Definition
Single dose of a medication to be given immediately, often for emergencies when a patients condition changes suddenly
Term
Now Order
Definition
Patient needs medication quickly, but not right away nurse has 90 minutes to give the medication
Term
Automatic Stop Order
Definition
Order states for example discontinue after giving two doses of a drug
Term
Pharmacokinetics
Definition
Study of how medications enter the body, reach their site of action, metabolize, and exit the body
Term
First American Law to regulate medications
Definition
Pure Food & Drug Act. This law requires all medications to be free of impure products
Term
FDA
Definition
Enforcement of medication laws. Ensures that all medications on the market undergo vigorous testing before they are sold to the public
Term
Nurse Practice Acts
Definition
Protect the public from unskilled undereducated and unlicensed personnel. Has the most influence over nursing practice defining scope of nurses professional functions and responsibilities
Term
Classification of Medications
Definition
indicates the effect of the medication on a body system, the symptoms the medication receives, or its desired effect.
Term
Absorption
Definition
passage of medication molecules into the blood from the site of medicament administration
Term
Route
Definition
Skin-slow
Orally-slow
Mucous Membranes & Respiratory-quickly
IV/Injection-Rapid
Term
Distribution
Definition
After meds are absorbed, it is distributed within the body to the tissues and organs and ultimately to its specific site of action
Term
Metabolism
Definition
After meds races its site of action it becomes metabolized into a less active or inactive form that is easier to excrete
Term
Excretion
Definition
After meds are metabolized they exit the body through the kidney, liver, bowel, links, and exocrine glands.
Term
Idiosyncratic reaction
Definition
patient overreacts or underreacts to a medication or has a reaction different from normal
Term
Therapeutic effect
Definition
expected or predicted physiological response that a medication causes
Term
Side Effects
Definition
predictable and often unavoidable secondary effects produced at a usual therapeutic dose
Term
Adverse effects
Definition
Unintended, undesirable, and often unpredictable severe responses to medication
Term
Toxic effect
Definition
develop after prolonged intake of a medication or when a medication accumulates in the blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion
Term
Allergic Reactions
Definition
Unpredictable responses to a medication.
Term
Medication allergy
Definition
symptoms vary depending on individual and the medication
Term
Anaphylactic Reaction
Definition
life threatening, characterized by sudden constriction of bronchiolar muscles, edema of pharynx and lynx and severe wheezing, shortness of breath
Term
Medication Interaction
Definition
When one medication modifies the action of another. Common in people who take several meds.
Term
Synergistic effect
Definition
When two medications combined effect is greater than the effect of the medication when given separately.
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