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med-surg
n/a
8
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
10/21/2014

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Term
Adrenergic Stimulants (beta-2 agonists)

Long acting (long-term control or maintenance)
Definition
Salmeterol (Serevent)
Term
Adrenergic Stimulants (beta-2 agonists)

Short acting or Rescue
(act within minutes; duration 4-6 hrs)
Definition
Albuterol (Proventil)
Metaproterenol (Alupent)
Term
Adrenergic Stimulants (beta-2 agonists
Definition
Use cautiously in patients with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, dysrhythmias, hyperthyroidism, and diabetes.Wait 1-2 minutes between puffs—allows second dose to reach more distal airways.
Term
Anticholinergics
Ipratropium bromide (Atrovent)
Definition
Used as long term control or maintenance inhaler
May cause dry mouth
Use cautiously in patients with glaucoma, prostatic hypertrophy
Term
Methylxanthines (sometimes referred to as Xanthines)
Theophylline (Theo-Dur)
Aminophylline (Somophyllin)—
Definition
Central nervous system stimulants
Not as widely used; narrow margin of safety and high potential of toxicity
Drug can be monitored by drug serum levels
Metabolism of drug differs widely in each individual
Example: Cigarette smoking can increase metabolism of drug
Administer with meals
Monitor for toxicity—cardiac dysrhythmias, seizures
Term
Anti-inflammatory Agents Corticosteroids
Triamcinolone Acetonide (Azmacort)
Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (Solumedrol)—IV
Prednisone (Deltasone)-PO
Definition
Used for long term prevention and for acute episodes—will not relieve acute episode.
Administer after bronchodilators are given to increase coverage into distal airways
Assess for side effects: hoarseness, sore throat, yeast infections
Rinse mouth after using inhaler
Preferred administration MDI or DPI minimize systemic absorption and decreases adverse effects
Can also be given systemically in acute attack
Term
Leukotriene Modifiers
Montelukast (singulair)
Definition
Used for long-term management
Given 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals
Monitor liver enzymes
Can effect metabolism of warfarin sodium (Coumadin)
Term
Mast Cell Stabilizers
Cromolyn sodium (Intal)
Definition
Used for long-term management
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