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McKay Chapter 17
Toward a New World-view in the West
7
History
10th Grade
10/21/2009

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Term
Nicolaus Copernicus (1473−1543)
Definition
Overturned the Geocentric view of universe; caused many Christians to be angry, ESP Protestants
Term
Tycho Brahe (1546−1601)
Definition
built an observatory and collected data.
Term
Johannes Kepler (1571−1630)
Definition
Younger than Brahe; used Brahe’s observations to formulate his laws of planetary motion.
Term
Galileo Galilei (1564−1642)
Definition
challenged Aristotelian ideas about terrestrial motion;Galileo’s astronomical observations provided support for the Copernican cosmology; came in conflict with Catholic Church, forcing him to retreat
Term
Isaac Newton (1642−1727)
Definition
integrated the astronomy of Copernicus and Kepler with the physics of Galileo;He formulated a set of mathematical principles to explain motion and mechanics.
Term
Causes of the Scientific Revolution
Definition
1. Medieval universities provided the framework for the new view.
2. Renaissance scholars stimulated science by rediscovering ancient mathematics.
3. Better ways of obtaining knowledge about the world improved the scientific method.
4. Francis Bacon (1561−1626) advocated empirical, experimental research.
5. René Descartes (1596−1650) emphasized deductive reasoning.
Term
Some Consequences of the Scientific Revolution
Definition
1. The rise of modern science produced an international scientific community.
2. The scientific method challenged the primacy of tradition.
3. The scientific revolution had little immediate impact on the European economy.
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