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Matter Chapter 4
Vocabulary
17
Chemistry
8th Grade
12/12/2007

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Term
NUCLEUS
Definition
Small, dense positively charged center of an atom.
Term
SUBATOMIC PARTICLE
Definition
Proton, neutron, and electron
Term
PROTON
Definition
Subatomic particle that has a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom.
Term
Atomic Mass Unit (amu)
Definition
Unit used to measure the masses of subatomic particles; a proton has a mass of 1 amu
Term
Neutron
Definition
Subatomic particle with no electric charge that is found in the nucleus of an atom.
Term
Atomic Number
Definition
Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Term
Isotope
Definition
Atom of an element that has the same number of protons as another atom of the same element but a different number of neutrons.
Term
Mass Number
Definition
Sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.
Term
Atomic Mass
Definition
Average of the masses of the existing isotopes of an element.
Term
Electron
Definition
Negatively charged subatomic particle found in an area outside the nucleus of an atom
Term
Electron Cloud
Definition
Space in which electrons are likely to be found.
Term
Energy Level
Definition
Most likely location in an electron cloud in which an electron can be found.
Term
Quark
Definition
Particle that makes up all other known particles in the nucleus of an atom
Term
ELECTROMAGNETIC FORCE
Definition
Force of attraction or repulsion between articles in an atom.
Term

Strong Force

Definition
Force that binds protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
Term
Weak Force
Definition
Force that is the key to the power of the sun; responsible for a process known as radioactive decay.
Term
Gravity
Definition
Force of attraction between all objects in the universe.
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