Shared Flashcard Set

Details

MAN320F EXAM 2
Ch 6
34
Management
Undergraduate 4
10/25/2011

Additional Management Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Forces for change

 

External forces

(5)

Definition

-marketplace

-governmental laws and regulations

-technology

-labor market

-economic changes

Term

Forces for change

 

Internal forces

(4)

Definition

-Changes in organizational strategy

-wrokforce changes

-new equipment

-employee attitudes

Term

"Calm waters" simile

(7)

Definition

-Change is a response to a break in status quo:

unfreezing status quo, changing a new state, refreezing to make change permanent

-needed only in occasional situations

-future is predictable

-punctuates long periods of calm/stability

Term
"White-Water Rapids" Simile
Definition

-stability and predictability don't exist

-face constance change, bordering on chaos

-requires flexibility, quick response to change conditions, comfor with ambiguity

Term

White water university

(4)

Definition

courses vary in length

instructor can end course at any time

class length varies each time it meets

exams are unannounced

Term

The organization is a(n) ______ system

 

Environment interacts with system

(3)

Definition

1.open

 

2.-continuously

-unpredictably

-nonlinearly

Term

Implications of an open system

(3)

Definition

-coordination of parts essential for proper functioning of organization

-decisions and actions taken in one area effect others

-org must adapt to changes in their external environment

Term
Three types of change
Definition

Structure

Technology

People

Term
Self organizing systems in nature
Definition

4 factors: many agents, many interactions, decentralization, simple rules

one central idea: emergent properties

Term

Adaptive advantages of CAS

(5)

Definition

-Robustness

-Error tolerance

-Self-repair

-Ease of implementation

-Simple agents

Term

THREE TYPES OF CHANGE

 

Structure

(8)

Definition

work specialization

departmentalization

chain of command

span of control

centralization

formalization

job redesign      actual structural design

Term

THE THREE TYPES OF CHANGE

 

Technology

(3)

Definition

work processes

methods

equipment

Term

THREE TYPES OF CHANGE

 

People

(4)

Definition

attitudes

expectations

perceptions

behavior

Term

Resistance to Change

 

Forms: 1.Overt and/or immediate

 

2. Implicit and/or deferred

Definition

1.voicing complaints, engaging in job actions

 

2.Loss of employee loyalty and motivation, increased errors or mistakes increased absenteeism

-Much harder to manage

Term

Sources of individual resistance to change

(5)

Definition

-Habit

-Selective information processing

-Security

-Economic factors

-Fear of the unkown

Term

Sources of Organizational resistance to change

(6)

Definition

-Structural inertia

-limited focus of change

-group inertia

-threat to expertise

-hreat to established power relationships

-threat to established resource allocations

Term

Overcoming resistance to change

(5)

Definition

communication education

facilitation/support

employee selection

manipulation/coercion

participation/negotiation

Term

TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

 

Education and communication

when it is used

advantage

disadvantage

Definition

-Resistance due to misinfo

 

-clear up misunderstandings

 

-may not work when mutual trust and credibility are lacking

Term

TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

 

Participation

when it is used 

advantage

disadvantage

Definition

-when resisters have the expertise to make a contribution

 

-Increase involvement and acceptance

 

-time consuming, has potential for a poor solution

Term

TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

 

Facilitation/support

when it is used

advantage

disadvantage

Definition

-when resisters are fearful and anxiety ridden

 

-can facilitate needed adjustments

 

-expensive, no guarantee of sucess

Term

TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

 

Negotiation

when it is used

advantage

disadvantage

Definition

-when resistance comes from a powerful group

 

-can "buy" commitment

 

-potentially high cost, opens doors for others to apply pressure too

Term

 

TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

 

Manipulation/co-optation

when it is used

advantage

disadvantage

 

Definition

-When a powerful groups endorsement is needed

 

-inexpensive easy way to gain support

 

-can backfire, causing change agent to lose credibility

Term

TECHNIQUES FOR REDUCING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE

 

Coercion

when it is used

advantage

disadvantage

Definition

-when a powerful group endorsement is needed

 

-inexpensive easy way to gain support

 

-may be illegal, may undermine change agents credibility

Term
Communcation change
Definition

be visible

repeat goals/reasons for change

prime employees on what to expect

notify affected employees in person

Term

ISSUES IN MANAGING CHANGE: EMPLOYEE STRESS

 

The three Symptoms of stress

Definition

1. physical

2.psychological

3.behavioral

Term

THREE SYMPTOMS OF STRESS

 

Physical

(4)

Definition

changes in metabolism

increased heart and breathing rates

raised blood pressure

headaches

 

Term

THREE SYMPTOMS OF STRESS

 

Psychological

(6)

Definition

job-related dissatisfaction

tension

anxiety

irritability

boredom

procrastination

Term

THREE SYMPTOMS OF STRESS

 

Behavioral

(7)

Definition

Changes in productivity

absenteeism

job turnover

changes in eating habits

increased smoking/drinking

rapid speech

sleep disorders

Term

REducing Stress

 

Structural

(6)

Definition

Match employee's knowledge, skills. abilities to jobs' requirements

-use realistic job interviews to reduce ambiguity

-develop performance planning program

-use job redesign

-sponsor wellness programs

Term

Sustaining change

(6)

Definition

-repeat compelling reason for change

-continuously commincate openly

-use participation to foster commitment

-consistency and perseverance

-provide feedback on behaviors/competencies

-reward flexibility

Term

Characteristics of change capable organizations

(6)

Definition

link present and future

make learning a way of life

actively encourage improvements and changes

ensure diverse teams

integrate technology

-build and deepen trust

Term

WHO MOVED MY CHEESE

 

How does Sniff and Scurry's response to the moved cheese differ from Hem and Haw's? Why is Sniff and Scurry's response a better way to deal with change?

Definition

S.S.: the situation had changed so they changed with it. ran off in search of new cheese

 

HH: complained it wasn't fair. did not want to let go of life built around this particular cheese. wanted to know WHO MOVED MY CHEESE

Term

WHO MOVED MY CHEESE

 

What are the 3 important things Haw realized at the end of his journey?

Definition

1.Biggest thing blocking change is self

2. Things don't improve until you change

3. There's always new cheese out there whether you believe it or not

Term

WHO MOVED MY CHEESE

 

Why is Sniff and Scurry's response a better way to deal with change?

Definition
Because rather than overanalyze things, they moved with it
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