Shared Flashcard Set

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Male Disorders
N/A
31
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
07/05/2011

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Cards

Term
What is the fx of the prostate gland?
Definition
To release fluids and control fluid release.
Term
What is benign prostatic hyperplasis (BPH)?
Definition
Increase in the amount of epithelial & stromal tissue.
Term
The exact cause of BPH is unknown but what 2 things are thought to cause it?
Definition
1. Excessive accumulation of androgen.
2. Age - occurs in 50% of men over 50 years of age and in 90% of men over 80 years of age.
Term
What are the clinical manifestations of BPH?
Definition
1. Decreased caliber and force of stream.
2. Hesitancy.
3. Dribbling at the end of urination.
4. Feeling of incomplete bladder emptying.
5. Nocturia.
6. Dysuria.
7. Urgency.
Term
BPH causes an increased risk for what 2 things.
Definition
1. UTI.
2. Hematuria.
Term
UTI can lead to what severe condition?
Definition
Sepsis and sepsis shock.
Term
What are the 6 diagnostic studies of BPH?
Definition
1. Digital rectal exam.
2. Urine analysis and culture.
3. Serum creatinine and BUN.
4. PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen).
5. Urodynamic flow studies.
6. Cystourethroscopy.
Term
What are the 2 drug therapies for BPH?
Definition
1. Hormonal manipulation (androgen).
2. Alpha-adrenergic blockers.
Term
What is the name of the drug given in hormonal manipulation of BPH?
Definition
Proscar.

*Important to tell patients that it can take up to 6 months to see response from drugs like this.
Term
What are the 3 alpha-adrenergic blockers drugs used to treat BPH and what are the side effect?
Definition
Drugs:
1. Minipress.
2. Cardura.
3. Hytrin.

Side Effects:
1. Orthostatic hypotension.
2. Dizziness.
Term
What are the 2 conservative therapies used to treat BPH?
Definition
1. Stents/prostatic balloon.
2. Foley catheters.
Term
What is the invasive therapy used to treat BPH?
Definition
Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP).
Term
What are the 5 pre op nursing diagnoses for patients undergoing TURP?
Definition
1. Pain.
2. Fear related to sexual dysfunction.
3. Possible diagnosis of cancer.
4. Knowledge deficit (surgery).
5. Risk of infection.
Term
What are the 4 post op nursing diagnoses for patients undergoing TURP?
Definition
1. Pain related to bladder spasms.
2. Urge incontinence related to poor sphincter control.
3. Potential for hemorrhage.
4. Hyponatremia.
Term
What are the 3 pre op nursing interventions for patients undergoing TURP?
Definition
1. Insert urethral catheter for patients experiencing urinary retention.
2. Treat any UTI.
3. High fluid intake (2-3L/day).
Term
What are the 8 post op nursing interventions for patients undergoing TURP?
Definition
1. CBI: Use of 3 way catheter (3rd port is used to remove blood clots).
2. Observe for hemorrhage.
3. Avoid activities that increase intra-abdominal pressure.
4. Relieve bladder spasms.
5. Promote sphincter tone.
6. Monitor for s/s of infection.
7.Dietary interventions, stool softeners.
8. Patient teaching.
Term
What is the most common form of cancer in men and the 2nd leading cause of cancer death in men after lung cancer?
Definition
Prostate cancer.
Term
What is prostate cancer?
Definition
A malignant tumor of the prostate gland.
Term
Prostate cancer has a higher incidence in men over the age of what?
Definition
65.
Term
What group of men are at a high risk for prostate cancer?
Definition
African American men.
Term
What is the rate of growth and trajectory path of prostate cancer?
Definition
Slow growing and usually begins in the posterior or lateral portions of the prostate. Spreads to pelvic bones, femur (bones), lymph, lower spine, liver, and lungs.
Term
What type of cancer is prostate cancer?
Definition
Androgen dependent adenocarcinoma.
Term
What are the clinical symptoms of prostate cancer?
Definition
1. Asymptomatic in early stage.
2. Symptoms are similar to BPH.
3. Prostate feels hard, enlarged, and fixed on rectal exam.
4. Pain in the lumbrosacral area with radiation down the hips and legs (metastasis).
5. Distant metastasis and pain management issues.
Term
What are the 2 prostate cancer surgical options?
Definition
1. Suprapubic prostatectomy.
2. Retropubic prostatectomy.
Term
Which surgical option has a greater risk for bladder spasms?
Definition
Suprapubic prostatectomy.
Term
What are not common complications of prostate cancer surgery?
Definition
1. Impotence.
2. Urinary incontinence.
Term
What are 3 non surgical treatments for prostate cancer?
Definition
1. Brachytherapy.
2. Hormone therapy.
3. Chemotherapy.
Term
What are 5 complications to watch out for with post op prostate surgery?
Definition
1. Hemorrhage.
2. Infection.
3. Bladder spasms.
4. Urinary incontinence.
5. Erectile dysfunction.
Term
What are 4 nursing diagnoses to watch out for with post op prostate surgery?
Definition
1. Pain.
2. Urinary retention.
3. Sexual dysfunction.
4. Anxiety.
Term
What are the 2 classifications of ED?
Definition
1. Organic (physiologic).
2. Functional (psychologic).
Term
What are the 10 organic causes of ED?
Definition
1. Inflammation of prostate, urethra, or seminal vesicle.
2. Surgery.
3. Pelvic fractures.
4. Lumbosacral injuries.
5. Vascular disease.
6. Chronic neuro conditions.
7. Endocrine disorders.
8. Smoking & alcohol.
9. Drugs.
10. Poor overall health.
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