Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Lower Extremity
Final
42
Nursing
Graduate
12/01/2015

Additional Nursing Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Contraindications for LE Blocks
Definition

Pt Refusal

 

Pt cognitive function

 

Infection or burn at injection sight

 

Concern for injury to nerves

 

Exisiting neurologic condition

 

LA allergy

 

Vascular grafts

 

Coagulopathy 

Term
Epinephrine
Definition

Increased Duration

 

Improves quality of block due to alpha 2 agonism

 

Decreased LA blood concentration

 

Worsening neurlogic injury- ischemia

 

Hypertension/Tachycardia 

Term
Risk of Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Definition

Failure or incomplete block

 

LA toxicity or allergic reaction

 

Injury to nearby structures

 

Infection/Inflammation

 

Hematoma/Bleeding

 

Methemoglobinemia 

Term
Neuronal Ischemia
Definition

Disruption of neuronal vasculature

 

High end-neural pressures- high injection pressures

 

Addition of vasoconstriction agents

 

Exogenous compression- tourniquets 

Term
Lumbar Plexus
Definition
L1 to L4
Term
Sacral Plexus
Definition
L4 to S4
Term
Lumbosacral Plexus Innervation
Definition

Muscles of the pelvic region

 

Posterior abdominal wall

 

59 muscles of the lower limb

 

All the corresponding joints

Term
Iliohypogastric
Definition
T12- L1
Term
Ilioinguinal
Definition
L1
Term
Genitofemoral
Definition
L1-L2
Term
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous
Definition
L2-L3
Term
Obturator
Definition
L2, L3, L4
Term
Femoral
Definition
L2, L3, L4
Term
Lumbar Plexus
Definition

Iliohypogastric

 

Ilioinguinal

 

Genitofemoral

 

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous

 

Obturator

 

Femoral 

Term
Sacral Nerve
Definition

Common Peroneal Nerve- lateral

 

Tibial Nerve- Medial 

 

Posterior thigh, most of lower leg, entire foot, part of the pelvis 

Term
Sacral Plexus Nerves
Definition

Superior Gluteal

 

Inferior Gluteal

 

Posterior Femoral Cutaneous

 

Pudendal 

 

Sciatic 

Term
Superior Gluteal Nerve
Definition
L4, L5, S1
Term
Inferior Gluteal Nerve
Definition
L5, S1, S2
Term
Posterior Femoral Cutaneous
Definition
S1, S2, S3
Term
Pudendal Nerve
Definition
S2, S3, S4
Term
Sciatic Nerve
Definition

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3 

 

Motor Innervation of posterior thigh, all of the leg and foot 

 

Passes under the piriformis down the back of the thigh then branches into common peroneal and tibial 

Term
Common Peroneal
Definition
L5, S1-S3
Term
Tibial Nerve
Definition
L4, L5, S1-S3
Term
Sensory Innervation of Sciatic Nerve
Definition

Sural Nerve

 

Deep Fibular Nerve

 

Superficial Fibular Nerve

 

Medial Calcaneal branches 

 

Sensory innervation, via terminal branches in the lower leg and foot 

Term
Femoral Nerve
Definition

L2, L3, L4

 

Largest branch of the lumbar plexus 

 

Embedded in the groove between the psoas and the iliacus muscle, emerges beneath the inguinal ligament 

Term
Femoral Nerves supplies Muscular Branches
Definition

iliacus

 

pectineus and sartorius

 

muscle of anterior thigh "quads" except for tensor fascia lata 

Term
Femoral Nerve provides the Cutaneous Branches
Definition

Front and medial thigh

 

Below the knee medial leg/foot (saphenous)

 

articular branches of hip/knees joints 

Term
Saphenous Nerve
Definition
Main branch of the femoral travels below the knee
Term
Inguinal Ligament
Definition
Anterior Superior Iliac Spine to the Pubic Tubercle
Term
Femoral Triangle
Definition

Inguinal Ligament

 

Sartorius Muscle

 

Adductor longus 

 

"SAIL"

Term
Femoral Block
Definition

1 cm lateral to femoral artery 

 

15-20 mL, aspiration q 5 ml 

 

Must inject BELOW the fascia iliaca 

 

Onset time for 15 to 20 mins 

Term
Nerve Stimulator for Femoral Block
Definition

Visible twitch of quad muscle at 0.2-0.4 is most reliable response

 

Sartorius muscle is NOT reliable sign because it is outside femoral sheath 

Term
3 in 1 Block
Definition

25-30

 

Lateral Femoral Cutaneous

 

Obturator

 

Femoral 

Term
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block
Definition

Purely Sensory

 

10-15 mL

 

Find ASIS, 2 cm medial and 2 cm caudal 

 

Pop as its felt going through the fascia lata 

Term
Common Peroneal Nerve
Definition

Dorsiflexion 

 

Eversion 

Term
Tibial Nerve
Definition

Plantar flexion

 

inversion 

Term
Popilteal Fossa
Definition

Inject 20-30 mL of LA

 

Sciatic divides into common peroneal and tibial nerve 

 

Popliteal fossa crease, biceps femoris tendon, semitendinousus tendon

 

7cm up from crease and 1 cm over

Term
Gluteus Maxmius
Definition

Sciatic Nerve Block

 

Posterior Superior Iliac Spine

 

Greater Trochanter

 

Sacral Hiatus 

 

25-30 mL 

Term
Deep Nerves of the Ankle
Definition

Tibial

 

Deep Peroneal 

Term
Superficial Ankle Nerves
Definition

Sural 

 

Saphenous

 

Superficial Peroneal 

Term
Terminal Branches of Sciatic Nerve
Definition

Tibial Nerve divides into the posterior tibial and sural nerve 

 

Common peroneal nerve divides into superficial and deep peroneal nerves

Term
Terminal Branches of Femoral Nerve
Definition

Saphenous nerve only branch below the knee 

 

Anterior to the medial malleolus 

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