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LOM Ch 5 Digestive Sytem Set 3
Language of Medicine, 9th Edition Davi-Ellen Chabner
50
Medical
Professional
04/20/2010

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Term
liver
Definition
A large organ located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen, weighing 2 1/2 to 3 lbs.
Term
The liver secretes ______; stores _______, ________, and _________; produces _______ proteins; and destroys worn-out _________ cells.
Definition
bile; sugar, iron, vitamins; blood; red blood
Term
LES
Definition
lower esophageal sphincter
Term
lower esophageal sphincter
Definition
ring of muscle between the esophagus and the stomach
Term
cardiac sphincter
Definition
What is another name for the LES?
Term
mastication
Definition
chewing
Term
molar teeth
Definition
 The sixth, seventh, and eighth teeth from the middle on either side of the dental arch
Term
premolar; fourth; fifth
Definition
___________ teeth are before the molars and are the _______ and _________ teeth
Term
palate
Definition
roof of mouth
Term
perianal
Definition
pertaining to around the anus
Term
hard palate
Definition
lies anterior to the soft palate and is supported by the upper jawbone
Term
maxilla
Definition
jawbone
Term
soft palate
Definition
posterior fleshy part between the mouth and throat
Term
pancreas
Definition
organ under the stomach that produces insulin and enzymes
Term
papillae
Definition
small elevations on the tongue
Term
papilla
Definition
a nipple-like elevation
Term
parotid gland
Definition
salivary gland within the cheek, just anterior to the ear
Term
peristalsis
Definition
rhythmic contractions of the tubular orans
Term
False
Definition
T or F: In the gastrointestinal tract, peristalsis moves the contents through at the same rate
Term
surrounding, around
Definition
The prefix peri- means _________ or ___________
Term
constriction
Definition
The suffix -stalsis means ___________
Term
1/2; 2
Definition
Peristalsis moves contents through the stomach in ___ to ____ hours
Term
2; 6
Definition
Peristalsis moves contents through the small intestine in ___ to ___ hours
Term
6; 72
Definition
Peristalsis moves contents through the colon in ___ to ___ hours
Term
pharynx
Definition
common passageway for food from the mouth and for air from the nose, also known as the throat
Term
portal vein
Definition
large vein bringing blood to the liver from the intestines
Term
protease
Definition
enyme that digests protein
Term
pulp
Definition
soft tissue within a tooth, containing nerves and vessels
Term
pyloric sphincter
Definition
ring of muscle at the end of the stomach, near the duodenum, that is normally closed but opens when a wave of peristalsis passes over it
Term
pyloros; gatekeeper
Definition
Pyloric comes from the Greek word _________, which means __________
Term
pylorus
Definition
distal region of the stmc, opening to the duodenum
Term
rectum
Definition
last section of the large intestine, connecting the end of the colon and the anus
Term
appendectomy
Definition
surgical removal of the appendix
Term
rugae
Definition
ridges on the hard palate and the wall of the stomach
Term
saliva
Definition
digestve juice produced by salivary glands
Term
salivary glands
Definition
parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands
Term
sigmoid colon
Definition
fourth and last, S-shaped segment of the colon, just before and empties into the rectum
Term
sphincter
Definition
circular ring of muscle that constricts a passage or closes a natural opening
Term
stomach
Definition
muscular organ that receives food from the esophagus
Term
fundus
Definition
the proximal part of the stomach
Term
append/o; appendic/o
Definition
Two combined forms meaning appendix
Term
body
Definition
the middle section of the stomach
Term
antrum
Definition
the distal section of the stomach
Term
fundus, body, distal
Definition
What are the three parts of the stomach?
Term
tryglicerides
Definition
fat molecules composed of the three parts fatty acids and one part glycerol
Term
uvula
Definition
soft tissue hanging from the middle of the soft palate
Term
uva; grapes
Definition
Uvula comes from the Latin word ____, which means bunch of  __________
Term
villi
Definition
microscopic projections in the wall of the small intestine that absorb nutrients into the bloodstream
Term
villus
Definition
What is the singular form of villi?
Term
an/o
Definition
The combined form for anus
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